Intel汇编语言程序设计：英文版

Prefacexxiii

1BasicConcepts1

1.1WelcometoAssemblyLanguage1

1.1.1SomeGoodQuestionstoAsk2

1.1.2AssemblyLanguageApplications7

1.1.3SectionReview8

1.2VirtualMachineConcept8

1.2.1TheHistoryofPCAssemblers1l

1.2.2SectionReview12

1.3DataRepresentation12

1.3.1BinaryNumbers13

1.3.1.1UnsignedBinarylntegers13

1.3.1.2TranslatingUnsignedBinaryIntegerstoDecimal14

1.3.1.3TranslatingUnsignedDecimalIntegerstoBinary14

1.3.2BinaryAddition15

1.3.3IntegerStorageSizes16

1.3.4HexadecimalIntegers16

1.3.4.1ConvertingUnsignedHexadecimaltoDecimal17

1.3.4.2ConvertingUnsignedDecimaltoHexadecimal18

1.3.5SignedIntegers18

1.3.5.1Two'sComplementNotation19

1.3.5.2MaximumandMinimumValues21

1.3.6CharacterStorage2i

1.3.7SectionReview23

1.4BooleanOperations25

1.4.1TruthTablesforBooleanFunctions27

1.4.2SectionReview29

1.5ChapterSummary29

2IA-32ProcessorArchitecture31

2.1GeneralConcepts31

2.1.1BasicMicrocomputerDesign32

2.1.2InstructionExecutionCycle33

2.1.2.1Multi-StagePipeline34

2.1.2.2SuperscalarAmhitecture36

2.1.3ReadingfromMemory37

2.1.4HowProgramsRun38

2.1.4.1LoadandExecuteProcess38

2.1,4,2Multitasking39

2.1.5SectionReview40

2.2IA-32ProcessorArchitecture41

2.2.1ModesofOperation41

2.2.2BasicExecutionEnvironment41

2.2.2.1AddressSpace41

2.2.2.1BasicProgramExecutionRegisters42

2.2.3Floating-PointUnit44

2.2.3.1OtherRegisters44

2.2.4IntelMicroprocessorHistory45

2.2.4.1IA-32ProcessorFamily46

2.2.4.2P6ProcessorFamily46

2,2.4.3CISCand'RISC46

2.2.5SectionReview47

2.3IA-32MemoryManagement48

2.3.1Real-addressMode48

2.3.1.120-bitLinearAddressCalculation49

2.3.2ProtectedMode50

2.3.2.1FlatSegmentationModel50

2.3.2.2Multi-SegmentModel51

2.3.2.3Paging52

2.3.3SectionReview53

2.4ComponentsofanIA-32Microcomputer53

2.4.1Motherboard53

2.4.1.1PCIBusArchitecture54

2.4.1.2MotherboardChipset54

2.4.2VideoOutput55

2.4.3Memory55

2.4.4Input-OutputPorts56

2.4.5SectionReview57

2.5Input-OutputSystem57

2.5.1HowitAllWorks57

2.5.2SectionReview60

2.6ChapterSummary60

3AssemblyLanguageFundamentals63

3.1BasicElementsofAssemblyLanguage64

3.1.1IntegerConstants64

3.1.2IntegerExpressions65

3.1.3RealNumberConstants66

3.1.4CharacterConstants67

3.1.5StringConstants67

3.1.6ReservedWords67

3.1.7Identifiers67

3.1.8Directives68

3.1.9Instructions68

3.1.9.1Label69

3.1.9.2InstructionMnemonic70

3.1.9.3Operands70

3.1.9.4Comments71

3.1.10SectionReview71

3.2Example:AddingThreeintegers72

3.2.1ProgramListing72

3.2.2ProgramOutput72

3.2.3ProgramDescription73

3.2.3.1AlternativeVersionofAddSub74

3.2.4ProgramTemplate76

3.2.5SectionReview76

3.3Assembling,Linking,andRunningPrograms77

3.3.1TheAssemble-Link-ExecuteCycle77

3.3.1.1listingFile78

3.3.1.2FilesCreatedorUpdatedbytheLinker79

3.3.2SectionReview80

3.4DefiningData80

3.4.1IntrinsicDataTypes80

3.4.2DataDefinitionStatement81

3.4.3DefiningBYTEandSBYTEData81

3.4.3.1MultipleInitializers82

3.4.3,2DefiningStrings83

3.4.3.3UsingtheDUPOperator83

3.4.4DefiningWORDandSWORDData84

3.4.5DefiningDWORDandSDWORDData84

3.4.6DefiningQWORDData85

3.4.7DefiningTBYTEData85

3.4.8DefiningRealNumberData85

3.4.9LittleEndianOrder86

3.4.10AddingVariablestotheAddSubProgram87

3.4.11DeclaringUninitializedData87

3.4.12SectionReview88

3.5SymbolicConstants89

3.5.1Equal-SignDirective89

3.5.2CalculatingtheSizesofArraysandStrings90

3.5.3EQUDirective91

3.5.4TEXTEQUDirective92

3.5.5SectionReview93

3.6Real-AddressModeProgramming(Optional)93

3.6.1BasicChanges94

3.6.1.1TheAddSub2Program94

3.7ChapterSummary95

3.8ProgrammingExercises96

4DataTransfers,Addressing,andArithmetic97

4.1DataTransferInstructions98

4.1.1Introduction98

4.1.2OperandTypes98

4.1.3DirectMemoryOperands99

4.1.4MOVInstruction100

4.1.5Zero/SignExtensionofIntegers101

4.1.5.1CopyingSmallerValuestoLargerOnes101

4.1.5.2MOVZXInstruction102

4.1.5.3MOVSXInstruction103

4.1.6LAHFandSAI-IFInstructions103

4.1.7XCHGInstruction104

4.1.8Direct-OffsetOperants104

4.1.9ExampleProgram(Moves)105

4.1.10SectionReview106

4.2AdditionandSubtraction107

4.2.1INCandDECInstmctions107

4.2.2ADDInstruction108

4.2.3SUBInstruction108

4.2.4NEGInstruction109

4.2.5ImplementingArithmeticExpressions109

4.2.6FlagsAffectedbyArithmetic110

4.2.6.1ZeroandSignFlags110

4.2.6.2CarryFlag(unsignedarithmetic)110

4.2.6.3OverflowFlag(signedarithmetic)111

4.2.7ExampleProgram(AddSub3)113

4.2.8SectionReview114

4.3Data-RelatedOperatorsandDirectives115

4.3.1OFFSETOperator115

4.3.1.1OFFSETExample115

4.3.2ALIGNDirective116

4.3.3PTROperator117

4.3.4TYPEOperator118

4.3.5LENGTHOFOperator118

4.3.6SIZEOFOperator119

4.3.7LABELDirective119

4.3.8SectionReview120

4.4IndirectAddressing120

4.4.1IndirectOperands121

4.4.2Arrays122

4.4.3Indexedoperands123

4.4.4Pointers124

4.4.4.1UsingtheTYPDEFOperator125

4.4.5SectionReview126

4.5JMPandLOOPInstructions127

4.5.1JMPInstruction127

4.5.2LOOPInstruction128

4.5.3SumminganIntegerArray129

4.5.4CopyingaString130

4.5.5SectionReview131

4.6ChapterSummary132

4.7ProgrammingExercises133

5Procedures137

5.1Introduction137

5.2LinkingtoanExternalLibrary138

5.2.1BackgroundInformation138

5.2.2SectionReview139

5.3TheBook'sLinkLibrary140

5.3.1Overview140

5.3.2IndividualProcedureDescriptions141

5.3.2.1TheIrvine32.incIncludeFile147

5.3.3LibraryTestProgram148

5.3.4SectionReview152

5.4StackOperations153

5.4.1RuntimeStack153

5.4.1.1PushOperation154

5.4.1.2PopOperation155

5.4.1.3StackApplications155

5.4.2PUSHandPOPInstructions156

5.4.2.1PUSHInstruction156

5.4.2.2POPInstruction1,56

5.4.2.3PUSHFDandPOPFDInstructions156

5.4.2.4PUSHAD,PUSHA,POPAD,andPOPA157

5.4.2.5Example:ReversingaString157

5.4.3SectionReview158

5.5DefiningandUsingProcedures159

5.5.1PROCDirective159

5.5.1.1DefiningaProcedure159

5.5.1.2Example:SumofThreeIntegers160

DocumentingProcedures160

5.5.2CALLandRETInstructions161

5.5.2.1CallandReturnExample161

5.5.2.2NestedProcedureCalls162

5.5.2.3LocalLabelsandGlobalLabels163

5.5.2.4PassingRegisterArgumentstoProcedures164

5.5.3Example:SumminganIntegerArray164

5.5.4Flowcharts165

5.5.5SavingandRestoringRegisters166

5.5.5.1USESOperator166

5.5.6SectionReview168

5.6ProgramDesignUsingProcedures169

5.6.1IntegerSummationProgram(Design)170

5.6.1.1IntegerSummationImplementation172

5.6.2SectionReview175

5.7ChapterSummary175

5.8ProgrammingExercises176

6ConditionalProcessing179

6.1Introduction180

6.2BooleanandComparisonInstructions180

6.2,1TheCPUFlags181

6.2.2ANDInstruction181

6.2.2.1ConvertingCharacterstoUpperCase182

6.2.3ORInstruction183

6.2.4XORInstruction184

6.2.5NOTInstruction186

6.2.6TESTInstruction186

6.2.7CMPInstruction186

6.2.8SettingandClearingIndividualCPUFlags188

6.2.9SectionReview188

6,3ConditionalJumps189

6.3.1ConditionalStructures189

6.3.2JcondInstruction190

6.3.3TypesofConditionalJumpInstructions191

6.3.3.1EqualityComparisons192

6.3.3.2UnsignedComparisons192

6.3.3.3SignedComparisons192

6.3.4ConditionalJumpApplications193

6.3.4.1TestingStatusBits193

6.3.4.2Application:ScanninganArray194

6.3.4.3Application:StringEncryption195

6.3.5BitTestingInstructions(Optional)198

6.3.5.1BTInstruction198

6.3.5.2BTCInstruction199

6.3.5.3BTRInstruction199

6.3.5.4BTSInstruction199

6.3.6SectionReview200

6.4ConditionalLoopInstructions200

6.4.1LOOPZandLOOPEInstructions200

6.4.2LOOPNZandLOOPNEInstructions201

6.4.3SectionReview202

6.5ConditionalStructures202

6.5.1Block-StructuredIFStatements202

6.5.2CompoundExpressions204

6.5.2.1LogicalANDOperator204

6.5.2.2LogicalOROperator205

6.5.3WHILELoops205

6.5.3.1Example:IFstatementNestedinaLoop206

6.5.4Table-DrivenSelection208

6.5.5SectionReview210

4.6Application:Finite-StateMachines211

6.6.1ValidatinganInputString212

6.6.2ValidatingaSignedInteger213

6.6.3SectionReview216

6.7Usingthe.IFDirective(Optional)217

6.7.1SignedandUnsignedComparisons219

6.7.2CompoundExpressions220

6.7.2.1SetCursorPositionExample220

6.7.2.2CollegeRegistrationExample221

6.7.3.REPEATand.WHILEDirectives222

6.7.3.1Example:LoopContaininganIFStatement222

6.8ChapterSummary223

6.9ProgrammingExercises224

7IntegerArithmetic227

7.1Introduction228

7.2ShiftandRotateInstructions228

7.2.1LogicalShiftsversusArithmeticShifts229

7.2.2SI-ILInstruction229

7.2.3SHRInstruction230

7.2.4SALandSARInstructions231

7.2.5ROLInstruction231

7.2.6RORInstruction232

7.2.7RCLandRCRInstructions232

7.2.8SHLD/SHRDInstructions233

7.2.9SectionReview235

7.3ShiftandRotateApplications236

7.3.1ShiftingMultipleDoublewords236

7.3.2BinaryMultiplication237

7.3.3DisplayingBinaryBits237

7.3.4IsolatingaBitString238

7.3.5SectionReview239

7.4MultiplicationandDivisionInstructions239

7.4.1MULInstruction240

7.4.2IMULInstruction241

7.4.3DIVInstruction242

7.4.4SignedIntegerDivision243

7.4.4.1CBW,CWD,CDQInstructions243

7,4.4.2TheIDIVInstruction243

7.4.4.3DivideOverflow244

7.4.5ImplementingArithmeticExpressions245

7.4.6SectionReview247

7.5ExtendedAdditionandSubtraction248

7.5.1ADCInstruction248

7.5.2ExtendedAdditionExample249

7.5.3SBBInstruction250

7.5.4SectionReview250

7.6ASCIIandPackedDecimalArithmetic(Optional)251

7.6.1AAAInstruction252

7.6.2AASInstruction253

7.6.3AAMInstruction253

7.6.4AADInstruction253

7.6.5PackedDecimalIntegers254

7.6.5.1DAAInstruction254

7.6,5.2DASInstruction254

7.7ChapterSummary255

7.8ProgrammingExercises256

8AdvancedProcedures259

8.1Introduction259

8.2LocalVariables260

8.2.1LOCALDirective261

8.2.2SectionReview263

8.3StackParameters263

8.3.1INVOKEDirective264

8.3.1.1DDROperator265

8.3.2PROCDirective266

8.3.2.1Examples267

8.3.3PROTODirective268

8.3.3.1ArraySumExample269

8.3.4PassingbyValueorbyReference269

8.3.5ParameterClassifications271

8.3.6Example:ExchangingTwoIntegers271

8.3.7Trouble-ShootingTips272

8.3.7.1SavingandRestoringRegisters272

8.3.7.2WrongOperandSizes273

8.3,7.3PassingtheWrongTypeofPointer274

8.3.7.4PassingImmediateValues274

8.3.8SectionReview274

8.4StackFrames275

8.4.1MemoryModels276

8.4.2LanguageSpecifiers277

8.4.2.1STDCALLSpecifier277

8.4,2.2CSpecifier278

8.4.2.3PASCALSpecifier278

8.4.3ExplicitAccesstoStackParameters278

8.4.2.1SavingandRestoringRegisters280

8.4.4PassingArgumentsbyReference280

8.4.4.1ArrayFillExample281

8.4.4.2LEAInstruction282

8.4.5CreatingLocalVariables282

8.4.6ENTERandLEAVEInstructions(Optional)283

8.4.7SectionReview285

8.5Recursion285

8.5.1RecursivelyCalculatingaSum286

8.5.2CalculatingaFactorial288

8.5.3SectionReview290

8.6CreatingMultimodulePrograms290

8.6.1Example:ArraySumProgram291

8.6.1.1IncludeFile:FunctionPrototypes292

8.6.1.2MainModule292

8.6.1.3PromptForlntegersModule293

8,6.1.4ArraySumModule294

8,6.1.5DisplaySumModule295

8.6.1.6BatchFileforAssemblingandLinking295

8.6.2SectionReview296

8.7ChapterSummary296

8.8ProgrammingExercises298

9StringsandArrays301

9.1Introduction301

9.2StringPrimitiveInstructions302

9.2.1MOVSB,MOVSW,andMOVSD304

9.2.2CMPSB,CMPSW,andCMPSD304

9.2.2.1Example:ComparingTwoStrings306

9.2.3SCASB,SCASW,andSCASD307

9.2.4STOSB,STOSW,andSTOSD308

9.2.5LODSB,LODSW,andLODSD308

9.2.6SectionReview309

9.3SelectedStringProcedures309

9.3.1Str_compareProcedure3l0

9.3.2StrlengthProcedure311

9.3.3StrcopyProcedure311

9.3.4Str_trimProcedure312

9.3.5Str_ucaseProcedure314

9.3.6SectionReview315

9.4Two-DimensionalArrays315

9.4.1Base-IndexOperands315

9.4.2Base-IndexDisplacement317

9.4.3SectionReview318

9.5SearchingandSortingIntegerArrays318

9.5.1BubbleSort319

9.5.2BinarySearch321

9.5.2.1TestProgram324

9.5.3SectionReview328

9.6ChapterSummary328

9.7ProgrammingExercises330

10StructuresandMacros333

10.1Structures334

10.1.1DefiningStructures334

10.1.2DeclaringStructureVariables335

10.1.3ReferencingStructureVariables336

10.1.4Example:DisplayingtheSystemTime338

10.1.5NestedStructures340

10.1.6Example:Drunkard'sWalk341

10.1.7DeclaringandUsingUnions344

10.1.8SectionReview346

10.2Macros347

10.2.1Overview347

10.2.2DefiningMacros348

10.2.3InvokingMacros349

10.2.4MacroExamples350

10.2.4.1mWriteStrMacro351

10.2.4,2mReadStrMacro352

10.2.4,3mGotoxyMacro352

10,2.4.4mDumpMemMacro353

10.2.4,5MacrosContainingCodeandData354

10.2.5NestedMacros355

10.2.6ExampleProgram:Wrappers356

10.2.7SectionReview357

10.3Conditional-AssemblyDirectives358

10.3.1CheckingforMissingArguments359

10.3.2DefaultArgumentInitializers360

10.3.3BooleanExpressions360

10.3.4IF,ELSE,andENDIFDirectives361

10.3.5TheIFIDNandIFIDNIDirectives362

10.3.6SpecialOperators363

10.3.6.1SubstitutionOperator(&)363

10.3.6.2ExpansionOperator(%)364

10.3.6.3Literal-TextOperator(<>)366

10.3.6.4Literal-CharacterOperator0)366

10.3.7MacroFunctions367

10.3.8SectionReview369

10.4DefiningRepeatBlocks370

10.4.1WHILEDirective370

10.4.2REPEATDirective371

10.4.3FORDirective371

10.4.4FORCDirective372

10.4.5Example:LinkedList373

10.4.6SectionReview375

10.5ChapterSummary375

10.6ProgrammingExercises376

1132-BitWindowsProgramming379

11.1Win32ConsoleProgramming379

11.1.1BackgroundInformation381

11.1.1.1WindowsDataTypes382

11.1.1.2ConsoleHandles383

11.1.2Win32ConsoleFunctions384

11.1.3ConsoleInput386

11.1.3.1ReadConsoleFunction387

11.1.3.2Single-CharacterInput388

11.1.4ConsoleOutput389

11.1.4.1DataStructures390

11.1.4.2WdteConsoleFunction390

11.1.4.3ExampleProgram:Console1390

11.1.4.4WriteConsoleOutputCharacterFunction391

11.1.5ReadingandWritingFiles392

11.1.5.1CreateFileFunction392

11,1.5.2CloseHandleFunction395

11.1.5.3ReadFileFunction395

11.1.5.4WriteFileFunction395

11.1.5,5ExampleWriteFileProgram396

11.1.5.6MovingtheFilePointer397

11,1.5.7ExampleReadFileProgram397

11.1.6ConsoleWindowManipulation398

11.1.6.1SetConsoleTiUe399

11.1.6.2GetConsoleScreenBufferlnfo399

11.1,6.3SetConsoleWindowlnfoFunction400

11.1.6.4SetConsoleScreenBufferSizeFunction402

11.1.7ControllingtheCursor402

11.1.7.1GetConsoleCursorlnfoFunction402

11.1.7.2SetConsoleCursorlnfoFunction402

11.1.7.3SetConsoleCursorPosition403

11.1.8ControllingtheTextColor403

11.1.8.1SetConsoleTextAttdbuteFunction403

11.1.8,2WdteConsoleOutputAttributeFunction403

11.1.8.3ExampleWriteColorsProgram403

11.1.9TimeandDateFunctions405

11.1.9.1GetkocalTimeandSetLocalTime406

11.1.9.2GetTickCountFunction407

11.1.9.3SleepFunction407

11.1.9.4GetDateTimeProcedure408

11.1.9,5CreatingaStopwatchTimer409

11.1.10SectionReview410

11.2WritingaGraphicalWindowsApplication411

11.2.1NecessaryStructures412

11.2.2TheMessageBoxFunction413

11.2.3TheWinMainProcedure414

11.2.4TheWinProcProcedure414

11.2.5TheErrorHandlerProcedure415

11.2.6ProgramListing416

11.2.6,1RunningtheProgram419

11.2.7SectionReview420

11.3IA-32MemoryManagement421

11.3.1LinearAddresses421

11.3.1.1TranslatingLogicalAddressestoLinearAddresses421

11.3.1.2Paging423

11.3.1.3DescriptorTables424

11.3.1.4SegmentDescriptorDetails425

11.3.2PageTranslation425

11.3.2.1MS-WindowsVirtualMachineManager426

11.3.3SectionReview427

11.4ChapterSummary428

11.5ProgrammingExercises429

12High-LevelLanguageInterface431

12.1Introduction431

12.1.1GeneralConventions431

12.1.2SectionReview433

12.2lnlineAssemblyCode433

12.2.1asmDirectiveinMicrosoftVisualC++433

12.2.1.1UsingtheLENGTH,TYPE,andSIZEOperators435

12.2.2FileEncryptionExample436

12.2.2.1ProcedureCallOverhead437

12.2.3SectionReview439

12.3LinkingtoC++Programs439

12.3.1LinkingtoBorlandC++440

12.3.2ReadSectorExample441

12.3.2.1MainC++ProgramThatCallsReadSector442

12.3,2.2AssemblyLanguageModule444

12.3.3Example:LargeRandomIntegers446

12.3.4UsingAssemblyLanguagetoOptimizeC++Code448

12.3.4.1FindArrayCode.GeneratedbyVisualC++449

12.3.4.2LinkingMASMtoVisualC++450

12.3.5SectionReview454

12.4ChapterSummary455

12.5ProgrammingExercises456

1316-BitMS-DOSProgramming457

13.1MS-DOSandtheIBM-PC457

13.1.1MemoryOrganization458

13.1.2RedirectingInput-Output460

13.1.3SoftwareInterrupts461

13.1.4INTInstmction461

13.1.4.1InterruptVectoring461

13.1.4.2CommonInterrupts462

13.1.5SectionReview462

13.2MS-DOSFunctionCalls(INT21h)463

13.2.1SelectedOutputFunctions464

13.2.2HelloWorldProgramExample467

13.2.3SelectedInputFunctions467

13.2.3.1Example:StringEncryptionProgram469

13.2.3.2Int21hFunction3Fh470

13.2.4Date/TimeFunctions472

13.2.4.1Example:DisplayingtheTimeandDate474

13.2.5SectionReview476

13.3StandardMS-DOSFileI/OServices476

13.3.0.1CreateorOpenFile(716Ch)478

13.3.1CloseFileHandle(3Eh)479

13.3.2MoveFilePointer(42h)480

13.3.2.1GetFileCreationDateandTime481

13.3.3SelectedLibraryProcedures481

13.3.3.1ReadString482

13.3.3.2WriteString482

13.3.4Example:ReadandCopyaTextFile483

13.3.5ReadingtheMS-DOSCommandTail485

13.3.6Example:CreatingaBinaryFile487

13.3.7SectionReview490

13AChapterSummary491

13.5ChapterExercises492

14DiskFundamentals495

14.1DiskStorageSystems495

14.1.1Tracks,Cylinders,andSectors496

14.1.2DiskPartitions(Volumes)498

14.1.3SectionReview499

14.2FileSystems500

14.2.1FAT12501

14.2.2FAT16501

14.2.3FAT32501

14.2.4NTFS502

14.2.5PrimaryDiskAreas503

14.2.6SectionReview504

14.3DiskDirectory505

14.3.1MS-DOSDirectoryStructure505

14.3.2LongFilenamesinMS-Windows508

14.3.3FileAllocationTable(FAT)510

14.3.4SectionReview511

14.4ReadingandWritingDiskSectors(7305h)511

14.4.1SectorDisplayProgram513

14.4.2SectionReview517

14.5System-LevelFileFunctions517

14.5.1GetDiskFreeSpace(7303h)518

14.5.1.1DiskFreeSpaceProgram519

14.5.2CreateSubdirectory(39h)521

14.5.3RemoveSubdirectory(3Ah)521

14.5.4SetCurrentDirectory(3Bh)522

14.5.5GetCurrentDirectory(47h)522

14.5.6SectionReview522

14.6ChapterSummary523

14.7ProgrammingExercises524

15BIOS-LevelProgramming527

15.1Introduction527

15.1.1BIOSDataArea528

15.2KeyboardInputwithINT16h529

15.2.1HowtheKeyboardWorks530

15.2.2INT16hFunctions531

15.2.2.1SetTypematicRate(03h)531

15.2.2.2PushKeyintoKeyboardBuffer(05h)531

15.2.2.3WaitforKey(1Oh)532

15.2.2.4CheckKeyboardBuffer(11h)533

15.2.2.5GetKeyboardFlags534

15.2.2.6ClearingtheKeyboardBuffer535

15.2.3SectionReview537

15.3VIDEOProgrammingwithINT10h537

15.3.1BasicBackground537

15.3.1.1ThreeLevelsofAccess537

15.3.1.2RunningProgramsinFull-ScreenMode538

15.3.1.3UnderstandingVideoText538

15.3.2ControllingtheColor539

15.3.2.1MixingPrimaryColors539

15.3.2.2AttributeByte540

15.3.3INT10hVideoFunctions541

15.3.3.1SetVideoMode(00h)542

15.3.3.215.3.3.SetCursorLines(01h)543

15.3.3.3SetCursorPosition(02h)544

15.3.3.4GetCursorPositionandSize(03h)544

15.3.3.5ScrollWindowUp(06h)546

15.3.3.6Example:WritingTexttoaWindow547

15.3.3.7ScrollWindowDown(07h)548

15.3.3,8ReadCharacterandAttribute(08h)548

15.3.3.9WriteCharacterandAttribute(09h)548

15.3.3.10WriteCharacter(0Ah)549

15.3.3.11ToggleBlinkingandIntensityModes550

15.3.3.12GetVideoModeInformation(0Fh)550

15.3.3.13WriteStringinTeletypeMode(13h)551

15.3.3.14Example:DisplayingaColorString552

15.3.4LibraryProcedureExamples554

15.3.4.1GotoxyProcedure554

15.3.4.2ClrscrProcedure554

15.3.5SectionReview555

15.4DrawingGraphicsUsingINT10h555

15.4.1INT10hPixel-RelatedFunctions556

15.4.1.1WriteGraphicsPixel(0Ch)556

15.4.1.2ReadGraphicsPixel(0Dh)557

15.4.2DrawLineProgram557

15.4.3CartesianCoordinatesProgram559

15.4.4ConvertingCartesianCoordinatestoScreenCoordinates562

15,4.5SectionReview563

15.6Memory-MappedGraphics563

15.5.1Mode13h:320X200,256Colors563

15.5.2Memory-MappedGraphicsProgram565

15.5.3SectionReview568

15.6MouseProgramming568

15.6.1MouseINT33hFunctions568

15.6.1.1ResetMouseandGetStatus568

15.6.1.2ShowingandHidingtheMousePointer569

15.6.1,3GetMousePositionandStatus570

15.6.1.4SetMousePosition571

15.6.1.5GetButtonPressesandReleases571

15.6.1.6SettingHorizontalandVerticalLimits573

15.6.1.7MiscellaneousMouseFunctions573

15.6.2MouseTrackingProgram574

15.6.3SectionReview579

15.7ChapterSummary580

15.8ChapterExercises580

16ExpertMS-DOSProgramming583

16.1Introduction583

16.2DefiningSegments584

16.2.1SimplifiedSegmentDirectives584

16.2.2ExplicitSegmentDefinitions586

16.2.2.1AlignType587

16.2.2.2CombineType587

16.2.2.3ClassType588

16.2.2.4ASSUMEDirective588

16.2.2.5Example:MultipleDataSegments588

16.2.3SegmentOverrides589

16.2.4CombiningSegments590

16.2.5SectionReview592

16.3RuntimeProgramStructure592

16.3.1COMPrograms593

16.3.2EXEPrograms595

16.3.2.1MemoryUsage595

16.3.2.2EXEHeader596

16.3.3SectionReview597

16.4InterruptHandling597

16.4.1HardwareInterrupts599

16.4.2InterruptControlInstructions600

16.4.3WritingaCustomInterruptHandler601

16.4.3.1CtrI-BreakHandlerExample602

16.4.4TerminateandStayResidentPrograms604

16.4.4.1KeyboardExample604

16.4.5Application:TheNo_ResetProgram605

16.4.6SectionReview609

16.5ChapterSummary609

17AdvancedTopics

Chapter17isanadditionalchapterprovidedasaPDFfileontheCD-ROM

accompanyingthisbook.

17.1HardwareControlUsingFOPorts17-1

17.1.1Input-OutputPorts17-1

17.1.1.1PCSoundProgram17-2

17.2IntelInstructionEncoding17-4

17.2.1Single-ByteInstructions17-5

17.2.2ImmediateOperands17-6

17.2.3Register-ModeInstructions17-6

17.2.4Memory-ModeInstructions17-7

17.2.4.1MOVInstructionExamples17-9

17.2.5SectionReview17-11

17.3Floating-PointArithmetic17-12

17.3.1IEEEBinaryFloating-PointRepresentation17-12

17.3.1.1TheSign17-12

17.3.1.2TheMantissa17-12

17.3.2TheExponent17-13

17.3.3NormalizingtheMantissa17-14

17.3.4CreatingtheIEEEBitRepresentation17-15

17.3.5ConvertingDecimalFractionstoBinaryReals17-15

17.3.6IA-32FloatingPointArchitecture17-17

17.3.7InstructionFormats17-18

17.3.8Floating-PointCodeExamples17-21

17.3.8,1Example1:EvaluatinganExpression17-21

AppendixA:InstallingandUsingthe

Assembler611

AppendixB:TheIntelInstructionSet617

AppendixC:BIOSandMS-DOSInterrupts649

AppendixD:MASMReference661