化学的进程

目 录

1873

Clerk Maxwell’s Kinetic Theory of Gases

克拉克· 麦克斯韦的气体动力学理论1875

On the Dynamical Evidence of the Molecular Constitution ofBodies

关于物体分子构成的动力学证据1892

Density of Nitrogen

氮气的密度1897

An Undiscovered Gas

一种尚未发现的气体1911

The Number of Possible Elements and Mendeléeff’s“Cubic”PeriodicSystem

可能的元素数目和门捷列夫“立方”元素周期系1913

Intra-atomic Charge

原子内的电荷

The Structure of the Atom

原子结构1919

The Constitution of the Elements

元素的组成1921

Atomic Structure

原子结构

The Dimensions of Atoms and Molecules

原子和分子的尺度

Waves and Quanta

波与量子1927

The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel

镍单晶对电子的散射1928

A New Type of Secondary Radiation

一种新型的二次辐射1931

Protein Structure and Denaturation

蛋白质的结构与变性1932

A Possible Hydrogen Isotope of Mass 2

氢可能具有质量数为2的同位素

Crystal Structures of Vitamin D and Related Compounds

维生素D及其相关化合物的晶体结构

Possible Existence of a Neutron

可能存在中子

Hexuronic Acid as the Antiscorbutic Factor

作为抗坏血病因子的己糖醛酸1933

Disintegration of Light Elements by Fast Protons

快质子引起的轻元素衰变

A Synthetic Oestrus-Exciting Compound

一种合成的催情化合物

Vitamin A in the Retina

视网膜中的维生素A

Oxygen Affinity of Muscle Haemoglobin

肌肉中血红蛋白的氧亲和力1934

Artificial Production of a New Kind of Radio-Element

一种新放射性元素的人工制造1935

Chemical Detection of Artificial Transmutation of Elements

元素人工嬗变的化学检测1939

Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: a New Type of NuclearReaction

由中子引起的铀衰变：一类新型核反应

Element 43

43 号元素

Liberation of Neutrons in the Nuclear Explosion of Uranium

铀核爆炸时中子的释放

Products of the Fission of the Uranium Nucleus

铀核的裂变产物

Structure of Proteins

蛋白质结构1940

Cancer-Producing Chemical Compounds

诱发癌症的化合物

Separation of Uranium Isotopes

铀同位素的分离1945

Biphasic Action of Penicillin and Other SulphonamideSimilarity

青霉素与磺胺的类似性：两相行为及其他

Mode of Action of Penicillin

青霉素的作用机制

Artificial Protein Fibres: Their Conception and Preparation

人造蛋白纤维：概念与制备1951

Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Optically ActiveCompounds

by Means of X-Rays

用X射线方法测定光学活性化合物的绝对构型

Evidence for the Pauling-Corey α-Helix in SyntheticPolypeptides

合成多肽中存在鲍林－科里α螺旋的证据1953

A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

脱氧核糖核酸的结构

Molecular Structure of Deoxypentose Nucleic Acids

脱氧戊糖核酸的分子结构

Molecular Configuration in Sodium Thymonucleate

胸腺核酸钠盐的分子构型1955

Man-Made Diamonds

人造金刚石1956

Structure of Vitamin B12

维生素B12 的结构1958

A Three-Dimensional Model of the Myoglobin Molecule Obtained byX-Ray

Analysis

利用X射线分析获得肌红蛋白分子的三维模型1961

General Nature of the Genetic Code for Proteins

蛋白质遗传密码的普遍特征1971

Polywater and Polypollutants

聚合水与聚合污染物

Pneumococci Insensitive to Penicillin

对青霉素不敏感的肺炎双球菌

Synchrotron Radiation as a Source for X-Ray Diffraction

作为X射线衍射光源的同步辐射

Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action forAspirin-like

Drugs

抑制前列腺素合成是阿司匹林样药物的一种作用机制

Indomethacin and Aspirin Abolish Prostaglandin Release from theSpleen

消炎痛和阿司匹林阻断脾脏前列腺素的释放1972

Calcium Ions and Muscle Contraction

钙离子与肌肉收缩1973

On the Origin of Deuterium

氘的起源1974

Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: ChlorineAtom-Catalysed

Destruction of Ozone

氟氯甲烷的平流层汇：氯原子催化破坏臭氧过程1975

Continuous Cultures of Fused Cells Secreting Antibody of PredefinedSpecificity

可分泌特异性抗体的融合细胞的连续培养1977

Nucleotide Sequence of Bacteriophage ΦX174 DNA

噬菌体ΦX174 的DNA 核苷酸序列1984

“Melting Ice”

I at 77 K and 10 kbar: a New Method of Making AmorphousSolids

77 K 和10 kbar 条件下的“熔融冰”I：制取无定形固体的一种新方法1985

Three-Dimensional Structure of an Antigen-Antibody Complex at6

Resolution

6. 分辨率抗原－抗体复合物的三维结构Large Losses of Total Ozone in Antarctica Reveal SeasonalClOx/NOx

Interaction

南极臭氧总量大量损失揭示季节性ClOx/NOx的相互作用C60: Buckminsterfullerene

C60 ：巴克敏斯特富勒烯Observation of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter

凝聚态物质中观察到的冷核聚变

Stratospheric Clouds and Ozone Depletion in the Arctic duringJanuary1989

1989 年1月北极上空的平流层云与臭氧亏损1990

Positioning Single Atoms with a Scanning TunnellingMicroscope

用扫描隧道显微镜定位单个原子

In vitro Selection of RNA Molecules that Bind SpecificLigands

结合特异配体的RNA 分子的体外筛选

Solid C60: a New Form of Carbon

固态C60 ：碳的一种新形式

Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Conjugated Polymers

基于共轭聚合物的发光二极管1991

Superconductivity at 18 K in Potassium-Doped C60

掺钾的C60 在18 K 时的超导性

Synthesis from DNA of a Molecule with the Connectivity of aCube

用DNA 合成具有立方连接形式的分子

Transition from a Uniform State to Hexagonal and Striped TuringPatterns

从均匀态到六边形和条状图灵斑图的相变

A Low-Cost,

High-Efficiency Solar Cell Based on Dye-Sensitized Colloidal

TiO2 Films

一种价廉高效的基于染料敏化的胶体TiO2薄膜的太阳能电池

Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon

石墨碳的螺旋状微管1992

Femtosecond Laser Control of a Chemical Reaction

化学反应的飞秒激光控制

Ordered Mesoporous Molecular Sieves Synthesized by aLiquid-Crystal

Template Mechanism

利用液晶模板机制合成的有序介孔分子筛1993

Superconductivity above 130 K in the Hg-Ba-Ca-Cu-O System

Hg–Ba–Ca–Cu–O 体系在130 K 以上时的超导性

Cobalt-Catalysed Growth of Carbon Nanotubes withSingle-Atomic-Layer Walls

具有单原子层管壁的碳纳米管的钴催化生长1994

Total Synthesis of Taxol

紫杉醇的全合成

Chemical Self-Replication of Palindromic Duplex DNA

回文双链DNA 的化学自我复制

Self-replication of Complementary Nucleotide-Based Oligomers

互补配对的寡聚核苷酸的自我复制

Structure at 2.8 . Resolution of F1 -ATPase from Bovine HeartMitochondria

分辨率2.8. 的牛心脏线粒体F1 －ATP 酶的结构1995

A Reaction-Diffusion Wave on the Skin of the Marine AngelfishPomacanthus

棘蝶鱼（海天使鱼）皮肤表面的反应－扩散波

Asymmetric Autocatalysis and Amplification of Enantiomeric Excessof a Chiral

Molecule

不对称自催化与手性分子对映体过量值的放大1996

A DNA-Based Method for Rationally Assembling Nanoparticles intoMacroscopic

Materials

一种基于DNA 将纳米颗粒合理组装成宏观材料的方法

Organization of“Nanocrystal Molecules”Using DNA

利用DNA 来实现“纳米晶分子”的组装1997

Chemical Properties of Element 106 (Seaborgium)

106 号元素的化学性质1998

Potent and Specific Genetic Interference by Double-Stranded RNAin

Caenorhabditis Elegans

秀丽线虫体内双链RNA 强烈而特异性的基因干扰作用

Three-Dimensional Structure of the Plant Photosystem II

Reaction Centre at

8 . Resolution

分辨率8. 的植物光系统II反应中心的三维结构

A Homochiral Metal-Organic Porous Material for EnantioselectiveSeparation

and Catalysis

一种用于拆分与催化的同手性金属－有机多孔材料2001

Superconductivity at 39 K in Magnesium Diboride

二硼化镁在39 K 时的超导性2003

The Principle of Gating Charge Movement in a Voltage-DependentK+

Channel

电压依赖性K＋通道的门控电荷运动的原理2004

Tomographic Imaging of Molecular Orbitals

分子轨道的层析成像2006

Folding DNA to Create Nanoscale Shapes and Patterns

折叠DNA 以形成纳米尺度的形状和图案2007

Total Synthesis of Marine Natural Products without Using ProtectingGroups

不使用保护基的海洋天然产物全合成

Evidence for Wavelike Energy Transfer through Quantum Coherencein

Photosynthetic Systems

光合作用系统中通过量子相干实现波状能量传递的证据2010

Femtosecond Electronic Response of Atoms to Ultra-IntenseX-Rays

The Size of the Proton

质子的大小

Atomically Precise Bottom-Up Fabrication of GrapheneNanoribbons

石墨烯纳米带的原子级精确的自下而上的制备

Following a Chemical Reaction Using High-HarmonicInterferometry

高次谐波干涉法跟踪化学反应