英语写作手册（英文版）

Pnrt One Manuscript Form

Ⅰ.Arrangement

Ⅱ. Capitalization

III. Word Division

Ⅳ. Punctuation

Ⅴ.Handwriting

Part Two Diction

Ⅰ.Levels of Words

Ⅱ. The Meaning of Words

Ⅲ. General and Specific Words

Ⅳ. Idioms

Ⅴ.Figures of Speech

1. Simile

2. Metaphor

3. Personification

4. Metonymy

5. Synecdoche

6. Euphemism

7. Irony

8. Overstatement and Understatement

9. Transferred Epithet

10. Oxymoron

11. Alliteration

Ⅵ. Dictionaries

1. Using Dictionaries

2. Some Good Dictionaries

Part Three The Sentence

Ⅰ.Complete Sentences and Sentence Fragments

Ⅱ. Types of Sentences

1. Declarative， Interrogative， Imperative， and Exclamatory Sentences

2. Simple， Compound， Complex， and Compound-Complex Sentences

3. Loose， Periodic， and Balanced Sentences

4. Short and Long Sentences

Ⅲ. Effective Sentences

1. Unity

2. Coherence

3. Conciseness

4. Emphasis

5. Variety

Part Four The Paragraph

Ⅰ.Criteria of an Effective Paragraph

1. Unity

2. Coherence

3. Transition

Ⅱ. Steps in Writing a Paragraph

Ⅲ. Ways of Developing Paragraphs

1. Development by Time

2. Development by Process

3. Development by Space

4. Development by Example or Generalization

5. Development by Comparison and Contrast

6. Development by Cause and Effect

7. Development by Classification

8. Development by Definition

9. Development by a Combination of Methods

Par Five The Whole Composition

Ⅰ.Criteria of a Good Composition

Ⅱ. Steps in Writing a Composition

1. Planning a Composition

2. Writing the First Draft

3. Revising the First Draft

4. Making the Final Copy

Ⅲ. Three Main Parts of a Composition

1. The Beginning

2. The Middle

3. The End

Ⅳ. Types of Writing

1. Description

2. Narration

3. Exposition

4. Argumentation

Part Six The Summary and Book Report

Part Seven Formal and Informal Styles

Part Eight The Research Paper

Part Nine Practical Writing

Part ten Punctuation

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