有机化学实验（英汉双语版）

目录

前言

Chapter 1 General Knowledge of Organic Chemistry Experiments 1

1.1 Rules for Organic Chemistry Laboratory 1

1.2 Safety Knowledge in the Organic Laboratory 2

1.3 Commonly Used Equipment and Apparatus of Organic Chemistry Experiments 6

1.4 Cleaning and Drying of Glassware 12

1.5 Heating，Cooling and Drying of Reagents in Organic Chemistry Experiments 13

1.6 Basic Requirements for Pre-lab Work，Lab Record and Lab Report 20

Chapter 2 Basic Operations of Organic Chemistry Experiments 25

Exp.1 Determination of Melting Point 25

Exp.2 Simple Distillation and Determination of Boiling Point 29

Exp.3 Recrystallization 32

Exp.4 Extraction 38

Exp.5 Vacuum Distillation 44

Exp.6 Steam Distillation 49

Exp.7 Fractional Distillation 54

Exp.8 Column Chromatography 57

Exp.9 Thin Layer Chromatography 60

Exp.10 Paper Chromatography 64

Chapter 3 Preparation Experiments of Organic Compounds 68

Exp.11 Preparation of Cyclohexene 68

Exp.12 Preparation of 1-Bromobutane 71

Exp.13 Preparation of Bromobenzene 75

Exp.14 Preparation of 2-Methyl-2-Butanol 77

Exp.15 Preparation of Diphenylmethanol 80

Exp.16 Preparation of 1，1'-Binaphthol (a Reference-based Experiment) 82

Exp.17 Preparation of Di-n-butyl Ether 83

Exp.18 Preparation of Cyclohexanone 86

Exp.19 Preparation of Benzalacetone and Dibenzalacetone 87

Exp.20 Preparation of Benzoin 90

Exp.21 Preparation of Benzoic Acid 92

Exp.22 Preparation of Adipic Acid 94

Exp.23 Preparation of Cinnamic Acid 97

Exp.24 Preparation of Coumarin-3-carboxylic Acid 99

Exp.25 Preparation of Furfuryl Alcohol and Furoic Acid 102

Exp.26 Preparation of Ethyl Acetate 104

Exp.27 Synthesis of Dibutyl Phthalate 107

Exp.28 Synthesis of Ethyl Acetoacetate 109

Exp.29 Preparation of Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) 110

Exp.30 Preparation of Acetanilide 112

Exp.31 Preparation of p-Acetamidobenzenesulfonyl Chloride 115

Exp.32 Preparation of p-Aminobenzenesulfonamide 118

Exp.33 Green Synthesis of N-bromosuccinimide 120

Exp.34 Synthesis of Methyl Orange 121

Exp.35 The Preparation and Beckmann Rearrangement of Benzophenone Oxime 124

Exp.36 Preparation of Aniline 126

Exp.37 Preparation and Resolution of Racemic α-Phenylethylamine 129

Exp.38 Optical Resolution of Trans-1，2-diaminocyclohexane 132

Exp.39 Preparation of 2，3； 5，6-Di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose 134

Exp.40 Isolation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves 136

Chapter 4 Reactivity Experiments of Organic Compounds 140

Exp.41 The Preparation and Reactivities of Ethylene and Ethyne 140

Exp.42 The Reactivities of Aromatic Compounds 143

Exp.43 The Reactivities of Some Alkyl Halides 145

Exp.44 The Reactivities of Alcohols and Phenols 148

Exp.45 The Reactivities of Aldehydes and Ketones 149

Exp.46 The Reactivities of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives 151

Exp.47 The Reactivities of Amines 152

第1章 有机化学实验的一般知识 155

1.1 有机化学实验室规则 155

1.2 有机化学实验室的安全知识 155

1.3 有机化学实验常用仪器和装置 158

1.4 玻璃仪器的洗涤和干燥 163

1.5 有机化学实验中试剂的加热、冷却和干燥 165

1.6 实验预习、实验记录和实验报告的基本要求 169

第2章 有机化学实验基本操作 174

实验1 熔点测定 174

实验2 简单蒸馏及沸点测定 177

实验3 重结晶 180

实验4 萃取 184

实验5 减压蒸馏 188

实验6 水蒸气蒸馏 192

实验7 分馏 196

实验8 柱色谱 198

实验9 薄层色谱 201

实验10 纸色谱 204

第3章 有机化合物制备实验 207

实验11 环己烯的制备 207

实验12 1-溴丁烷的制备 210

实验13 溴苯的制备 212

实验14 2-甲基-2-丁醇的制备 215

实验15 二苯甲醇的制备 217

实验16 1，1'-联二萘酚的合成(文献实验) 218

实验17 正丁醚的制备 219

实验18 环己酮的制备 221

实验19 苄叉丙酮和二苄叉丙酮的制备 222

实验20 安息香的制备 224

实验21 苯甲酸的制备 226

实验22 己二酸的制备 228

实验23 肉桂酸的制备 229

实验24 香豆素-3-羧酸的制备 232

实验25 呋喃甲醇和呋喃甲酸的制备 234

实验26 乙酸乙酯的制备 236

实验27 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的制备 238

实验28 乙酰乙酸乙酯的制备 240

实验29 乙酰水杨酸(阿司匹林)的制备 241

实验30 乙酰苯胺的制备 242

实验31 对乙酰氨基苯磺酰氯的制备 245

实验32 对氨基苯磺酰胺的制备 247

实验33 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺的绿色合成 248

实验34 甲基橙的制备 250

实验35 二苯甲酮肟的制备及贝克曼重排 252

实验36 苯胺的制备 253

实验37 外消旋α-苯乙胺的制备和拆分 255

实验38 反-1，2-二氨基环己烷的手性拆分 258

实验39 2，3；5，6-二-O-异丙叉基-α-D-呋喃甘露糖的制备 259

实验40 从茶叶中提取咖啡因 261

第4章 有机化合物性质实验 264

实验41 乙烯、乙炔的制备和性质 264

实验42 芳烃的性质 266

实验43 卤代烃的性质 268

实验44 醇和酚的性质 270

实验45 醛和酮的性质 271

实验46 羧酸及其衍生物的性质 272

实验47 胺的性质 273

参考文献 276