速查版孕产期全程指导（彩色图文版）

第一章

幸福妈妈的“幸孕”十月

做好计划，优生优育.......................

提前做好怀孕计划

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健康怀孕的条件

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健康的精子及卵子........................................

通畅的生殖道..............................................

怀孕的理想季节

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怀孕的最佳年龄

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最佳受孕时间

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如何推算排卵期

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通过生理周期推算........................................

通过基础体温推算........................................

通过宫颈黏液推算........................................

怎样更易怀上小宝宝

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精神放松.....................................................

合理安排性生活...........................................

不可忽视的孕前检查

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孕前检查项目...........................................

准爸爸的孕前检查内容.................................

引起胎儿发育异常的因素

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优生优育

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避免高龄妊娠..............................................

身体健康状况欠佳时要避免妊娠....................

避免接触放射线...........................................

停用药物.....................................................

忌烟、酒.....................................................

远离宠物危险.............................................10

创造良好的受孕环境...................................10

孕前必须治疗的疾病

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贫血..........................................................10

高血压病....................................................11

心脏病.......................................................11

糖尿病.......................................................11

肝脏疾病....................................................11

肾脏疾病....................................................11

阴道炎.......................................................11

孕前心理调适

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减轻不必要的担忧

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Rh血型不合严重吗

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导致不孕的因素

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阴道因素....................................................13

宫颈因素....................................................13

子宫因素....................................................13

输卵管因素................................................14

卵巢因素....................................................14

内分泌因素................................................14

先天性因素................................................14

免疫因素....................................................14

孕前营养搭配

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实现标准体重.............................................15

合理安排饮食.............................................15

纠正营养失衡.............................................15

健康饮食行为.............................................15

孕前食物大本营

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夫妻都要补叶酸

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十月怀胎经历

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如何判断是否怀孕

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月经逾期不来.............................................17

基础体温持续在高温段................................17

早孕反应....................................................17

乳头、乳晕及乳房变化................................17

尿液检查....................................................17

B超检查.....................................................18

预产期的计算方式

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从末次月经计算预产期................................18

从胎动时间推算预产期................................18

B超检查推算预产期.....................................18

早孕反应

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保持乐观的心情..........................................19

吃得舒服一点.............................................19

身体不适时要休息.......................................19

寻求家人帮助.............................................20

保证充足的睡眠..........................................20

胎动初感

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胎儿的生长发育过程

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孕妈妈身体的变化

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生殖系统方面.............................................21

心血管方面................................................21

呼吸系统方面.............................................21

泌尿系统方面.............................................22

消化系统方面.............................................22

其他..........................................................22

妊娠期生理现象

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阴道..........................................................22

皮肤..........................................................23

心血管.......................................................23

消化..........................................................23

膀胱..........................................................23

呼吸..........................................................23

骨骼..........................................................23

孕期孕妈妈乳房的变化........................

孕早期乳房的变化.......................................23

孕中期乳房的变化.......................................24

孕晚期乳房的变化.......................................24

腹部增大

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妊娠后子宫的变化

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孕妈妈的体重变化

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患妊娠期高血压综合征的概率增加................26

难产发生概率较高.......................................26

围生期胎儿的死亡率高................................27

影响产后身体的健康状况.............................27

影响宝宝以后的健康...................................27

轻松应对孕期小问题

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白带增多

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尿频

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腹胀

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便秘

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小腿抽筋

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晕厥

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偏头痛

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鼻出血

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妊娠斑与皮肤色素沉着........................

妊娠纹

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静脉曲张

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手部麻木及疼痛

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头晕、眼花

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贫血..........................................................33

妊娠高血压综合征.......................................34

小腿水肿

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心慌、气短

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腰背疼痛

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坐骨神经痛

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原因..........................................................35

主要临床表现.............................................36

治疗..........................................................36

情绪不稳定

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异常妊娠要关注

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流产

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胚胎原因....................................................37

母体原因....................................................37

异位妊娠

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葡萄胎

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停经..........................................................39

阴道流血....................................................39

子宫异常增大.............................................39

腹痛..........................................................39

贫血与感染................................................39

胚胎萎缩

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高危妊娠及其监护措施

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高危妊娠

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羊水过多

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羊水过少

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母子血型不合及其危害........................

妊娠期糖尿病

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妊娠高血压综合征

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胆汁淤积症

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泌尿系统感染

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急腹症

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急性阑尾炎

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贫血

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营养缺乏引起的贫血...................................50

胃肠道疾病引起的贫血................................51

急、慢性失血引起的贫血.............................51

胎儿生长受限

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巨大儿

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双胎妊娠

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补充营养、纠正贫血...................................53

提前住院待产.............................................53

妊娠晚期阴道出血

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臀位

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纠正臀位的方法..........................................55

横位

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胎膜早破

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早产

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过期妊娠

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孕期检查保健康

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检查前的准备工作

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检查前精神准备..........................................58

检查前物质准备..........................................59

孕期检查时间与常规检查内容

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初次产前检查的内容...................................60

建册时常规辅助检查...................................60

唐氏综合征血清筛查（孕14～20周做）..........60

妊娠糖尿病筛查（孕24～28周做）.................60

胎心监护（孕35周后每周一次）....................60

阴道分泌物检查（孕13～27周建卡时做）..........60

尿常规检查................................................61

血常规检查................................................61

超声检查（孕10～14周、18～24周、32～36

周各做1次）.............................................61

孕早期的常规检查

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询问内容....................................................62

相关的身体检查..........................................62

孕中期常规检查

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实验室检查................................................63

腹部触诊....................................................63

测量血压....................................................63

超声检查....................................................63

孕晚期的常规检查

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检查胎儿的生长发育状况.............................64

询问孕妈妈的身体情况................................64

常规检查....................................................64

一些常规检查

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肝肾功能检查.............................................64

乙型肝炎病毒学检查...................................65

丙型肝炎病毒学检查...................................65

心电图检查................................................65

超声检查....................................................65

妊娠糖尿病检查..........................................66

需要重点检查的项目

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甲胎蛋白筛查.............................................66

三项试验....................................................66

绒毛膜绒毛取样检查...................................67

羊膜穿刺术................................................67

胎儿脐静脉穿刺术.......................................67

梅毒血清学试验..........................................67

艾滋病血清学检查.......................................67

淋病细菌学检查..........................................67

妊娠糖尿病筛查..........................................68

脐带血检查................................................68

颈项超声扫描.............................................68

孕期的自我监护与家庭监护................

探测胎儿心跳

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电子胎心监护.............................................69

远程胎心监护.............................................70

孕妈妈用药的注意事项........................

围生期和围生期保健

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十月孕期生活指南

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孕期睡眠调节

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睡眠时间....................................................72

睡眠时应采取的体位...................................72

选择合适的床及床上用品.............................73

孕妈妈的着装与打扮

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适合孕妈妈的穿着打扮................................74

孕妈妈化妆宜淡不宜浓................................74

完美孕妈妈的美容技巧............................75

亮丽秀发的护理技巧...................................75

适宜孕妈妈的居住环境........................

孕妈妈做家务的注意事项

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孕妈妈度夏的注意事项........................

孕妈妈过冬的注意事项........................

应避免的工作及环境

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洗澡时的注意事项

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谨慎使用空调

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孕妈妈要避开的辐射源........................

旅游、出差多注意

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孕期适量运动

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孕期活动注意姿势

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坐姿

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站姿..........................................................82

行姿..........................................................83

孕期性生活指导

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孕期保健课程

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预防感冒有妙招

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多吃富含维生素C的食物..............................84

多喝水、多休息、保持空气清新湿润.............85

注意食疗....................................................85

适度运动....................................................85

口腔卫生要注意

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每天早晚刷牙.............................................85

刷牙后漱口不宜多.......................................85

定期进行口腔检查.......................................86

多吃蔬菜，少吃糖.......................................86