Ruby Cookbook（影印版）

1.1 Building a String from Parts

1.2 Substituting Variables into Strings

1.3 Substituting Variables into an Existing String

1.4 Reversing a String by Words or Characters

1.5 Representing Unprintable Characters

1.6 Converting Between Characters and Values

1.7 Converting Between Strings and Symbols

1.8 Processing a String One Character at a Time

1.9 Processing a String One Word at a Time

1.10 Changing the Case of a String

1.11 Managing Whitespace

1.12 Testing Whether an Object Is String-Like

1.13 Getting the Parts of a String You Want

1.14 Handling International Encodings

1.15 Word-Wrapping Lines of Text

1.16 Generating a Sucession of Strings

1.17 Mat hing Strings with Regular Expressions

1.18 Replacing Multiple Patterns in a Single Pass

1.19 Validating an Email Address

1.20 Classifying Text with a Bayesian Analyzer

2 Numbers

2.1 Parsing a Number from a String

2.2 Comparing Floating-Point Numbers

2.3 Representing Numbers to Arbitrary Precision

2.4 Representing Rational Numbers

2.5 Generating Random Numbers

2.6 Converting Between Numeri Bases

2.7 Taking Logarithms

2.8 Finding Mean, Median, and Mode

2.9 Converting Between Degrees and Radians

2.10 Multiplying Matri es

2.11 Solving a System of Linear Equations

2.12 Using Complex Numbers

2.13 Simulating a Sub lass of Fixnum

2.14 Doing Math with Roman Numbers

2.15 Generating a Sequence of Numbers

2.16 Generating Prime Numbers

2.17 Che king a Credit Card Che ksum

3 Date and Time

3.1 Finding Today's Date

3.2 Parsing Dates, Precisely or Fuzzily

3.3 Printing a Date

3.4 Iterating Over Dates

3.5 Doing Date Arithmeti

3.6 Counting the Days Since an Arbitrary Date

3.7 Converting Between Time Zones

3.8 Che king Whether Daylight Saving Time Is in Effect

3.9 Converting Between Time and DateTime Obje ts

3.10 Finding the Day of the Week

3.11 Handling Commer ial Dates

3.12 Running a Code Blo k Periodi ally

3.13 Waiting a Certain Amount of Time

3.14 Adding a Timeout to a Long-Running Operation

4 Arrays

4.1 Iterating Over an Array

4.2 Rearranging Values Without Using Temporary Variables

4.3 Stripping Dupli ate Elements from an Array

4.4 Reversing an Array

4.5 Sorting an Array

4.6 Ignoring Case When Sorting Strings

4.7 Making Sure a Sorted Array Stays Sorted

4.8 Summing the Items of an Array

4.9 Sorting an Array by Frequen y of Appearance

4.10 Shuffling an Array

4.11 Getting the N Smallest Items of an Array

4.12 Building Up a Hash Using Injection

4.13 Extra ting Portions of Arrays

4.14 Computing Set Operations on Arrays

4.15 Partitioning or Classifying a Set

5 Hashes

5.1 Using Symbols as Hash Keys

5.2 Creating a Hash with a Default Value

5.3 Adding Elements to a Hash

5.4 Removing Elements from a Hash

5.5 Using an Array or Other Modifiable Object as a Hash Key

5.6 Keeping Multiple Values for the Same Hash Key

5.7 Iterating Over a Hash

5.8 Iterating Over a Hash in Insertion Order

5.9 Printing a Hash

5.10 Inverting a Hash

5.11 Choosing Randomly from a Weighted List

5.12 Building a Histogram

5.13 Remapping the Keys and Values of a Hash

5.14 Extra ting Portions of Hashes

5.15 Sear hing a Hash with Regular Expressions

6 Files and Directories

6.1 Che king to See If a File Exists

6.2 Che king Your Acess to a File

6.3 Changing the Permissions on a File

6.4 Seeing When a File Was Last Used Problem

6.5 Listing a Dire tory

6.6 Reading the Contents of a File

6.7 Writing to a File

6.8 Writing to a Temporary File

6.9 Pi king a Random Line from a File

6.10 Comparing Two Files

6.11 Performing Random A ess on "Read-Once" Input Streams

6.12 Walking a Directory Tree

6.13 Lo king a File

6.14 Ba king Up to Versioned Filenames

6.15 Pretending a String Is a File

6.16 Redire ting Standard Input or Output

6.17 Pro essing a Binary File

6.18 Deleting a File

6.19 Trun ating a File

6.20 Finding the Files You Want

6.21 Finding and Changing the Current Working Directory

7 Code Blocks and Iteration

7.1 Creating and Invoking a Block

7.2 Writing a Method That Acepts a Block

7.3 Binding a Block Argument to a Variable

7.4 Blocks as Closures: Using Outside Variables Within a Code Block

7.5 Writing an Iterator Over a Data Structure

7.6 Changing the Way an Obje t Iterates

7.7 Writing Block Methods That Classify or Collect

7.8 Stopping an Iteration

7.9 Looping Through Multiple Iterables in Parallel

7.10 Hiding Setup and Cleanup in a Blo k Method

7.11 Coupling Systems Loosely with Callbacks

8 Objects and Classes8

8.1 Managing Instance Data

8.2 Managing Class Data

8.3 Checking Class or Module Membership

8.4 Writing an Inherited Class

8.5 Overloading Methods

8.6 Validating and Modifying Attribute Values

8.7 Defining a Virtual Attribute

8.8 Delegating Method Calls to Another Object

8.9 Converting and Coercing Objects to Different Types

8.10 Getting a Human-Readable Printout of Any Object

8.11 Acepting or Passing a Variable Number of Arguments

8.12 Simulating Keyword Arguments

8.13 Calling a Superclass's Method

8.14 Creating an Abstract Method

8.15 Freezing an Object to Prevent Changes

8.16 Making a Copy of an Object

8.17 Declaring Constants

8.18 Implementing Class and Singleton Methods

8.19 Controlling Acess by Making Methods Private

9 Modules and Namespa es

9.1 Simulating Multiple Inheritan e with Mixins

9.2 Extending Spe ifi Obje ts with Modules

9.3 Mixing in Class Methods

9.4 Implementing Enumerable: Write One Method, Get 22 Free

9.5 Avoiding Naming Collisions with Namespaces

9.6 Automati ally Loading Libraries as Needed

9.7 In luding Namespaces

9.8 Initializing Instance Variables Defined by a Module

9.9 Automati ally Initializing Mixed-In Modules

10 Reflection and Metaprogramming

10.1 Finding an Object's Class and Superclass

10.2 Listing an Object's Methods

10.3 Listing Methods Unique to an Object

10.4 Getting a Reference to a Method

10.5 Fixing Bugs in Someone Else's Class

10.6 Listening for Changes to a Class

10.7 Che king Whether an Object Has Necessary Attributes

10.8 Responding to Calls to Undefined Methods

10.9 Automati ally Initializing Instance Variables

10.10 Avoiding Boilerplate Code with Metaprogramming

10.11 Metaprogramming with String Evaluations

10.12 Evaluating Code in an Earlier Context

10.13 Undefining a Method

10.14 Aliasing Methods

10.15 Doing Aspe t-Oriented Programming

10.16 Enforcing Software Contracts

11 XML and HTML

11.1 Che king XML Well-Formedness

11.2 Extracting Data from a Document's Tree Structure

11.3 Extracting Data While Parsing a Document

11.4 Navigating a Document with XPath

11.5 Parsing Invalid Markup ..

11.6 Converting an XML Document intoca Hash

11.7 Validating an XML Document

11.8 Substituting XML Entities

11.9 Creating and Modifying XML Documents

11.10 Compressing Whitespace in an XML Document

11.11 Guessing a Do ument's Encoding

11.12 Converting from One En oding to Another

11.13 Extracting All the URLs from an HTML Document

11.14 Transforming Plain Text to HTML

11.15 Converting HTML Do uments from the Web into Text

11.16 A Simple Feed Aggregator

12 Graphi s and Other File Formats

12.1 Thumbnailing Images

12.2 Adding Text to an Image

12.3 Converting One Image Format to Another

12.4 Graphing Data

12.5 Adding Graphical Context with Sparklines

12.6 Strongly En rypting Data

12.7 Parsing Comma-Separated Data

12.8 Parsing Not-Quite-Comma-Separated Data

12.9 Generating and Parsing Ex el Spreadsheets

12.10 Compressing and Archiving Files with Gzip and Tar

12.11 Reading and Writing ZIP Files

12.12 Reading and Writing Configuration Files

12.13 Generating PDF Files

12.14 Representing Data as MIDI Musi

13 Databases and Persistence

13.1 Serializing Data with YAML

13.2 Serializing Data with Marshal

13.3 Persisting Objects with Madeleine

13.4 Indexing Unstructured Text with SimpleSear h

13.5 Indexing Structured Text with Ferret

13.6 Using Berkeley DB Databases

13.7 Controlling MySQL on Unix

13.8 Finding the Number of Rows Returned by a Query

13.9 Talking Dire tly to a MySQL Database

13.10 Talking Directly to a PostgreSQL Database

13.11 Using Object Relational Mapping with A tiveRecord

13.12 Using Object Relational Mapping with Og

13.13 Building Queries Programmati ally

13.14 Validating Data with A tiveRecord

13.15 Preventing SQL Injection Attacks

13.16 Using Transactions in A tiveRecord

13.17 Adding Hooks to Table Events

13.18 Adding Taggability with a Database Mixin

14 Internet Services

14.1 Grabbing the Contents of a Web Page

14.2 Making an HTTPS Web Request

14.3 Customizing HTTP Request Headers

14.4 Performing DNS Queries

14.5 Sending Mail

14.6 Reading Mail with IMAP

14.7 Reading Mail with POP3

14.8 Being an FTP Client

14.9 Being a Telnet Client

14.10 Being an SSH Client

14.11 Copying a File to Another Ma hine

14.12 Being a BitTorrent Client

14.13 Pinging a Ma hine

14.14 Writing an Internet Server

14.15 Parsing URLs

14.16 Writing a CGI Script

14.17 Setting Cookies and Other HTTP Response Headers

14.18 Handling File Uploadscvia CGI

14.19 Running Servlets with WEBri k

14.20 A Real-World HTTP Client

15 Web Development: Ruby on Rails

15.1 Writing a Simple Rails Application to Show System Status

15.2 Passing Data from the Controller to the View

15.3 Creating a Layout for Your Header and Footer

15.4 Redire ting to a Different Location

15.5 Displaying Templates with Render

15.6 Integrating a Database with Your Rails Application

15.7 Understanding Pluralization Rules

15.8 Creating a Login System

15.9 Storing Hashed User Passwords in the Database

15.10 Escaping HTML and JavaS ript for Display

15.11 Setting and Retrieving Session Information

15.12 Setting and Retrieving Cookies

15.13 Extra ting Code into Helper Fun tions

15.14 Refa toring the View into Partial Snippets of Views

15.15 Adding DHTML Effe ts with script.aculo.us

15.16 Generating Forms for Manipulating Model Objects

15.17 Creating an Ajax Form

15.18 Exposing Web Services on Your Web Site

15.19 Sending Mail with Rails

15.20 Automati ally Sending Error Messages to Your Email

15.21 Do umenting Your Web Site

15.22 Unit Testing Your Web Site

15.23 Using breakpoint in Your Web Application

16 Web Services and Distributed Programming

16.1 Sear hing for Books on Amazon

16.2 Finding Photos on Fli kr

16.3 Writing an XML-RPC Client

16.4 Writing a SOAP Client

16.5 Writing a SOAP Server

16.6 Sear hing the Web with Google's SOAP Service

16.7 Using a WSDL File to Make SOAP Calls Easier

16.8 Charging a Credit Card

16.9 Finding the Cost to Ship Pa kages via UPS or FedEx

16.10 Sharing a Hash Between Any Number of Computers

16.11 Implementing a Distributed Queue

16.12 Creating a Shared "Whiteboard"

16.13 Securing DRb Services with Acess Control Lists

16.14 Automati ally Dis overing DRb Services with Rinda

16.15 Proxying Objects That Can't Be Distributed

16.16 Storing Data on Distributed RAM with MemCached

16.17 Caching Expensive Results with MemCached

16.18 A Remote-Controlled Jukebox

17 Testing, Debugging, Optimizing, and Documenting

17.1 Running Code Only in Debug Mode

17.2 Raising an Exception

17.3 Handling an Exception

17.4 Rerunning After an Exception

17.5 Adding Logging to Your Appli ation

17.6 Creating and Understanding Tracebacks

17.7 Writing Unit Tests

17.8 Running Unit Tests

17.9 Testing Code That Uses External Resources

17.10 Using breakpoint to Inspect and Change the State of Your Appli ation

17.11 Do umenting Your Application

17.12 Profiling Your Application

17.13 Ben hmarking Competing Solutions

17.14 Running Multiple Analysis Tools at Once

17.15 Who's Calling That Method? A Call Graph Analyzer

18 Pa kaging and Distributing Software

18.1 Finding Libraries by Querying Gem Respositories

18.2 Installing and Using a Gem

18.3 Requiring a Specifi Version of a Gem

18.4 Uninstalling a Gem

18.5 Reading Documentation for Installed Gems

18.6 Packaging Your Codecas a Gem

18.7 Distributing Your Gems

18.8 Installing and Creating Standalone Packages with setup.rb

19 Automating Tasks with Rake

19.1 Automati ally Running Unit Tests

19.2 Automati ally Generating Documentation

19.3 Cleaning Up Generated Files

19.4 Automati ally Building a Gem

19.5 Gathering Statistics About Your Code

19.6 Publishing Your Documentation

19.7 Running Multiple Tasks in Parallel

19.8 A Generi Proje t Rakefile

20 Multitasking and Multithreading

20.1 Running a Daemon Pro ess on Unix

20.2 Creating a Windows Service

20.3 Doing Two Things at On e with Threads

20.4 Synchronizing Acess to an Object

20.5 Terminating a Thread

20.6 Running a Code Block on Many Objects Simultaneously

20.7 Limiting Multithreading with a Thread Pool

20.8 Driving an External Process with popen

20.9 Capturing the Output and Error Streams from a Unix Shell Command

20.10 Controlling a Process on Another Machine

20.11 Avoiding Deadlock

21 User Interface

21.1

21.2 Getting Input One Line at a Time

21.3 Getting Input One Character at a Time

21.4 Parsing Command-Line Arguments

21.5 Testing Whether a Program Is Running Intera tively

21.6 Setting Up and Tearing Down a Curses Program

21.7 Clearing the S reen

21.8 Determining Terminal Size

21.9 Changing Text Color

21.10 Reading a Password

21.11 Allowing Input Editing with Readline

21.12 Making Your Keyboard Lights Blink

21.13 Creating a GUI Appli ation with Tk

21.14 Creating a GUI Appli ation with wxRuby

21.15 Creating a GUI Appli ation with Ruby/GTK

21.16 Creating a Ma OS X Appli ation with RubyCo oa

21.17 Using AppleS ript to Get User Input

22 Extending Ruby with Other Languages

22.1 Writing a C Extension for Ruby

22.2 Using a C Library from Ruby

22.3 Calling a C Library Through SWIG

22.4 Writing Inline C in Your Ruby Code

22.5 Using Java Libraries with JRuby

23 System Administration

23.1 Scripting an External Program

23.2 Managing Windows Services

23.3 Running Code as Another User

23.4 Running Periodi Tasks Without roncorcat

23.5 Deleting Files That Match a Regular Expression

23.6 Renaming Files in Bulk

23.7 Finding Duplicate Files

23.8 Automating Backups

23.9 Normalizing Ownership and Permissions in User Directories

23.10 Killing All Processes for a Given User

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