实用口译手册（增订版）

TABLE OF CONTEOTS

PART ONE INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO INTERPRETATION

I . What Interpretation Means

II The Two Most Widely-Used Forms of

Interpretation

III. Prerequisites for Interpretation

IV . Basic Qualities Required of the Interpreter

V Dialectical-Materialism in Interpretation: Unity of

Accuracy and Smoothness is Our Goal

VI Genuine Knowledge Comes from Practice

PART TWO STEPPING-STONE TO COMPE-

TENCY IN CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETATION

CHAPTER 2 FAMILIARITY WITH THE STRUCTURE OF

SPOKEN ENGLISH

I . Stressing

II . Pronunciation

III . Intonation

IV. Rhythm

V . Word Order

VI Reading Aloud - Drills 1 and 2

CHAPTER 3 FAMILIARITY WITH POLITE FORMS IN

ENGLISH

EX. 1 Interpret the Following 80 Sentences

Asking Favours

Complaining

Apologizing

Polite Refusal

Polite Orders

Expressing Disapproval or Objection

CHAPTR 4 CONSTANT EXPOSURE IS OF VITAL

IMPORTANCE

I . Our Strong Points and Weak Points

II. Recognizing and Using the Correct Levels of

English

III. Absorption of Knowledge and Useful Expressions

EX. 2 A Passage in the Consultative Style (E - C)

EX. 3 A Passage in the Formal Style (E - C)

EX.4 Sight-interpreting an Important Memorandum of

Understanding

CHAPTER 5 PROPER HANDLING OF IDIOMS - THREE

RULES TO GO BY

I Render the Meaning, not Mere Words, in the Light

of the Context

II . Distinguish the Commendatory Term from the

Derogatory Term

III . Do Not Misuse Foreign Idioms in Interpreting

EX. 5 Interpret the Following Sentences into Chinese,

Paying Attention to the Handling of the Idioms

Therein

EX.6 Interpret the Following Chinese Idioms into

English

CHAPTER 6 NOTE-TAKING IN INTERPRETING

I . Two Special Features

II . Some Practical Hints

DI Practising Note-taking-Interpreting Procedural

Brief for Meetings of the Security Council

EX. 7 Interpret the Following Parts of Procedural Brief

(E-C)

EX.8 Interpret the Following Parts of Procedural Brief

(C-E)

CHAPTER 7 THE INTERPRETING OF FIGURES

I . Some Practical Difficulties for Chinese Interpreters

II . Practice Makes Perfect

EX.9 Interpreting Figures (C-E) - Practising Notetaking

at the Same Time

EX.10 Interpreting Figures: Emphasis on Accuracy in

Interpreting Dates

EX.11 Interpreting Abbreviations-Specialized Agencies

Related to the UN

EX.12 Interpreting figures (C-E)

EX.13 Interpreting figures (C-E)

EX.14 Interpreting figures (E-C) on Sectoral Growth

Rates of GDP (Countries in South Asia)

EX.15 Interpreting Figures (C-E)-Facts and Figures on

China's Achievements

PART THREE PRACTISING CONSECUTIVE

INTERPRETATION ON VARIOUS THEMES

CHAPTER 8 FEATURES OF PART THREE AND THE BASICS

OF INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES

I . Basic Features of the 13 Chapters in Part Three

II . On the Basics of Interpretation Techniques

III. Weighing C - E and E - C, Consecutive and

Simultaneous

CHAPTER 9 PROTOCOL ROUTINE

EX.16 Background Notes 1: Diplomatic Style Fostered by

Premier Zhou (E- C)

EX. 17 Background Notes 2: Arrival of a Foreign Guest

(E-C)

EX.18 Meeting a Foreign Guest

EX.19 Making Appointment

EX.20 Making Appointments, Etc. (C- E)

CHAPTER 10 WEATHER AND DINNER PARTIES

EX.2l Background Notes 1: The Climate of Beijing

(E-C)

EX.22 Background Notes 2: On Dinner Parties(E - C)

EX.23 Talking about the Weather

EX.24 Entertaining Guests at Dinner

EX.25 More Dialogues for Consecutive Interpretation

(C-E)

CHARTER 11 ON CHINA' S AGRICULTURE

EX.26 Background Notes 1: A Brief Survey

EX.27 Background Notes 2: More Facts & Figures

EX.28 Background Notes 3: Visiting a Rural

Household

EX.29 Briefing on China's Agriculture

EX.30 Visiting a Peasant's Home

EX.31 Discussions on Modernization of China's

Agriculture

CHARTER 12 VISITING PLACES OF INTEREST

EX. 32 Background Notes 1: A Brief Account of History

of China

EX.33 Background Notes 2: On China's Geography and

Ethnic Groups

EX.34 Background Notes 3: Expanding Tourism

EX.35 A Brief Introduction to Beijing

EX.36 Sightseeing Trip to the Great Wall & Ming

Tombs

EX.37 Touring the Summer Palace

EX.38 Guilin to Yangshuo by Boat

EX.39 Initial Discussion on Environmentai Protection

CHARTER 13 DAY-TO-DAY CONVERSATION IN

DIPLOMATIC SERVICE

EX.40 Background Notes 1: Our Principled Stand in

International Relations

EX.41 Background Notes 2: China Adheres to Her

Independent Foreign Policy of Peace

EX.42 Background Notes 3: On Peace and

Development

EX.43 Asking the Foreign Office for Help

EX.44 On Overseas Chinese

EX.45 Expressing Regret & Lodging Protest

EX.46 Exchange of Views on Disarmament

EX.47 Discussions on Peace & Development and on

Issues of Human Rights

CHARTER 14 ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS

AND INTERNAnONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION

EX.48 Background Notes 1: On International Economic

Situation & Establishment of NIEO

EX.49 Background Notes 2: On Self-reliance

EX.50 Background Notes 3: Our Basic View-points on

International Economic Relations(C-E)

EX.51 One Session of the Trade Talks (covering also

discussions on TNCs and on trade

liberalization)

EX.52 Talking about Shipping Documents

EX.53 Exchanging for Chinese Money (at a hotel

bank)

EX.54 Conversation on Income Tax Concerning Foreign

Enterprises

EX.55 A Briefing on UN/DTCD

EX.56 Another Round of Trade Talks

CHARTER 15 ON CHINA'S INDUSTRIES

EX.57 Background Notes 1: A Brief Survey

EX.58 Background Notes 2: 40 Years-Facts and

Figures

EX.59 Background Notes 3: Make Foreign Things Serve

China

EX.60 Making New Breakthroughs in Reform of State-

owned Enterprises (SOEs)

EX6l An Introduction to a Machinery Factory

(C-E)

EX.62 Discussion at a Factory Reception Room

EX.63 A Casual Dialogue between Two Foreign

Visitors

EX.64 Further Discussion with a Foreign Guest

CHARTER 16 DISCUSSIONS ON ART & LITERATURE

EX.65 Background Notes 1: A High Ethical and Cultural

Level

EX.66 Background Notes 2: Some of Our Guiding

Principles

EX.67 Background Notes 3: On Policy Matters

(C-E)

EX.68 Going to a Concert

EX.69 OnChinese Painting

EX.70 On Music and Dance

EX.71 On Chinese Acrobatics

EX.72 Discussion on Chinese Arts and Crafts

CHARTER 17 VISITING A DIVISION OF PLA & DISCUSSION

ON RELATED MATTERS

EX.73 Background Notes 1: A Brief Account of the

History of PLA

EX.74 Background Notes 2: Strengthen the Modernization

of Our National Defence

EX.75 A Brief Account of the History of Division 196

EX.76 Discussion at the Divisional Headquarters

EX.77 Visiting Regiment 587

EX.78 Viewing Various Items of Military Training

EX.79 Talk by a Visiting Ex-pilot from USA

CHARTER18 ON CHINA'S POLITICAL SYSTEM

EX.80 Background Notes 1: On the Constitution of

People's Republic of China

EX.8l Background Notes 2: On the National People's

Congress(NPC)

EX.82 Background Notes 3: On the Origin and Function

of CPPCC

EX.83 Discussion on China's Political System

EX.84 On the Rights & Duties of the Citizens

of China

CHARTER 19 ON REVITALIZING THE NATION THROUGH

SCIENCE AND EDUCATION

EX.85 Background Notes 1: President Jiang on Vital Role

of S&T at the Turn of the Century

EX.86 Background Notes 2: On Implementation of the

Strategies of Revitalizing the Nation through

Science and Education and of Achieving

Sustainable Development

EX.87 Discussions on the Spark Programme and

the Torch Programme of China

EX.88 Discussion on China's New & High

Technology

CHARTER 20 ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

EX.89 Background Notes 1: Implementing the Strategy

of Revitalizing the Nation through Science &

Education and the Strategy of Sustainable

Development

EX.90 Background Notes 2: Development is the Absolute

Principle

EX. 91 Background Notes 3: UNEP Statement on

Sustainable Development

EX.92 Discussion on Environment and Development

EX.93 Discussion on China's Strategy of Sustainable

Development

CHARTER 21 ON INTERNATIONAL SITUATION AND

CHINA'S FOREIGN POLICY

EX.94 Jiang Zemin's Statement on International

Situation & Our Foreign Policy

EX.95 Deng Xiaoping on National Sovereignty and

Security

EX.96 Excerpts from President Jiang Zemin's Speech at

the U.N Special Meeting in Commenmoration

of 50 th Anniversary of U. N

EX.97 On Forging a Good-neighbourly Partnership of

Mutual Trust between China and ASEAN

EX.98 On China's Relations with Western Countries

EX.99 Chinese Premier Congratulating the 30th Anniversary

of the Founding of the Group of 77

EX. 100 Chinese Premier on Cooperation between Asia and

Europe

PART FOUR STEPPING-STONE TO

COMPETENCY IN SIMULTANEOUS

INTERPRETATION

CHARTER 22 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND EVALUATION

I. On the Professional Ethics

II On the Professional Evaluation

CHARTER 23 BASICS OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETA

TION TECHNIQUE

I Striking a Proper Balance between Listening and

Speaking

II. Rendering the Idea, not Mere Words

III. Keeping the Situation under Control

IV Always Analysing the Peculiarities of Transference in

Simultaneous Interpretation

V. Always Trying to be Dialectical in Approach

VI Samples Showing Application of Basic Simultaneous

Interpretation Techniques

EX.101 A Sample Speech for Simultaneous

Interpreting

PART FIVE PRACTISING SIMULTANEOUS

INTERPRETATION

CHARTER 24 GENUINE KNOWLEDGE COMES FROM

PRACTICE

I. The Training Must be Severely Practical

II. Setting a Higher Demand on Ourselves

III. Features of Exercises in Part Five and Suggested

Procedure to be Followed

CHARTER 25 MORE ON PRACTISING SIGHT

INTERPRETATION

1. Four Points of Attention for Interpreter-trainees

EX. 102 Sample Texts for Practising Sight-interpretation,

Focusing on Properly Chopping the Sentences into

Sense Groups as Appropriate

CHARTER 26 EXERCISES ON USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

RELATING TO MEETINGS

EX.103 Simultaneous Interpretation of Stock-

phrases

EX.104 Simultaneous Interpretation of Procedural

Matters

EX.105 Exercising Right of Reply (by Chinese

Delegate)

EX. 106 Speech in Explanation of Vote (for C - E

Simultaneous Interpretation)

CHARTER 27 SPEECHES, ETC. ON POLITICAL AND

SECURITY MATTERS

EX.107 Agenda Item:The Situation in the Occupied Arab

Territories

EX.108 Peace in the Atomic Age --- TV Speech by

Einstein

EX.109 Speech by Chinese Representative

EX.110 Speech by Chinese Representative

EX.lll Statement by Ministry Spokesman on Protesting

Japan's Remarks on Surrounding Situation

CHARTER 28 ON ECONOMIC MATTERS

EX. 112 Speech by Barbados

EX.ll3 Speech on North-South Relations

(by UK Delegate)

EX.114 Speech by Leader of the Chinese Delegation

at Special Session of G.A.

EX.115 Properly Addressing Globalization - Initial

Comments on E/CN. 4/s11)0.2/1997/9

EX.116 Li Peng's Statememt at 1997 Annual Meeting

of World Bank and IMF

CHARTER 29 SPEECHES, ETC. ON SCIENTIFIC MATTERS

EX.117 Role of Science & Technology in

Development

EX.118 A Talk on Computers

EX.119 Speech by Chinese Delegate

EX.120 The Use of Atoms

EX.121 History of China's S&T Progress

CHARTER 30 LEGAL MATTERS RELATING TO U.N

ACTIVITIES

EX.122 Main Contents of Provisional Agenda

EX.123 Progress Report on Treaty-Making

EX 124 On Combating International Terrorism

EX.125 Views on D. 1/CP. 3 of FCCC Convention

CHARTER 31 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT AND

DEVELOPMENT

EX.126 Adoption of the Preamble to Agenda 21

EX.127 On Global Environment and Development

EX.128 UNGA Statement of Commitment

EX.129 Speech by Minister Chen Yaobang(at COP3)

EX.130 Speech by Dr. Song Jian at the UNGA Special Session

PART SIX KEY TO THE INTERPRETATION

EXERCISES

Chapter 32 STRIVE FOR COMPETENCY BOTH IN

CONSECUTIVE AND IN SIMULTANEOUS

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POSTSCRIPT

Appendix A Brief Chinese Chronology