Internet技术基础：英文版

Chapter 1 The Internet Has Arrived

The World Is Changing

Numbers Do Not Tell The Story

Learning About The Internet

Undersranding The Big Picture

Terminology And Technology

Growth And Adaptability

The Impact of The Internet

Organization OfThe Book

A Personal Note

Chapter 2 Getting Staned: Hande-On Experience

Introduction

The Web: Sites And Pages

Web Browsers and Browsing

Using A Browser

Examples of Web Sites And Services

Summary

PART I Introduction To Networking

Chapter a Telephones Everywhere

Introduction

A Communication Service

Selling Communlcatlon

Limited Access

High Cost

The Difficulr Transition

Ubiquitous Access

Relevance To The Internet

Chapter 4 The World Was Once Analog

Introduction

Sound, Vibrations, And Analog Recording

Analog Electronic Devices

Many Electronic Devices Are Analog

The First Analog Communication

Analog Is Simple But Inaccurate

Sending An Analog Signal Across A Wire

Digital Music

The Digital Revolution

Computers Are Digital

Digital Recording

Using Digital To Recreate Analog

Why Digital Music?

Summary

Chapter 5 The Once And Future Digital Network

Introduction

The World Was Once Digital

A Telegraph Is Digital

Morse Code

Letters And Digits In Morse Code

Users Did Not Encounter Morse Code

Virtually Instant Communication

Speed Is Relative

The Telephone Became Digital

Relevance To The Internet

Binary Encoding Of Data On The Internet

Why Use Two Symbols?

Summary

Chapter 6 Basic Communication

Introduction

Communication Using Electricity

Signals On Wires

Information Coding

Modems Allow Two-Way Traffic

A Character Code For Digital Information

Dctecting Errors

Summary

Chapter 7 The Local Area Network Arrives

Introduction

Motivation

Interchangeable Media

A Computer Consists of Circuit Boards

Circuit Boards Plug Into A Computer

Connecting One Computer To Another

LAN Technologies

Connecting A Computer To A LAN

The Iniportance Of LAN Technology

Relationship To The Internet

PART II A Brief History Of The Internet

Chapter 8 Internet: The Early Yeare

Many Independent Networks

The Proliferation of LANs

Facts About LANs

LANs Are Incompatible

Wide Area Technologies Exist

Few WANs, Many LANs

WANs and LANs Are Incompatible

The Desirability Of A Single Network

The Department Of Defense Had Multiple Networks

Connecting Disconnected Machines

The Internet Emerges

The ARPANET Backbone

Intermet Software

The Name Is TCP/IP

The Shock Of An Open System

Open Systems Are Necessary

TCP/IP Documentation Is Online

The Militaty AdoptS TCP/IP

Summary

A Personal Note

Chapter 9 Two Decades Of Inctedible Growth

Introduction

Disseminating The Software

Meanwhile, Back In Computer Science

The Internet Meets UNIX

The U.S. Military Makes A Commionent

The Internet Doubles In Size In One Year

Every Computer Science Department

Graduate Students Volunteer Their Time

The IAB evolves

The IETF

Doubling Again In A Year

The Internet Improves Science

NSF Takes ,4 Leadership Role

Target: AII of Science And Engineering

NSF's Approach

The NSFNET Backbone

The ANS Backbone

Exponential Growth

A Commercial Assessment

The End of Growth

Chapter 10 The Global Internet

Introduction

Early ARPA Networks

Electronic Mail Among Computers

BITNET And FIDONET

Networks In Europe

EBONE: The Internet In Europe

Backbones And Internet Hierarchy

Internet On All Continents

The World Of lnternet after 1998

A Personal Note

Chapter 11 A Global Information Infrastrueture

Introduction

Existing Infrastructure

Communication Inpastructure

The Internet Infrastructure

The Internet Offers Diverse Informatiou Services

TCP/IP Provides Commmlication Facilities

A Personal Note

PART III How The Internet Works

Chapter 12 Paeket Switching

Introduction

Sharing Saves Money

Sharing Introduces Delays

Sharing Wires

Selectable Channels

Sharing By Taking Turns

Packet Switching Avoids Delays

Each Packct Must Be Labeled

Computers Have Addresses

Packets Are Not All The Same Size

Packet Transmission Seems Instantaneous

Sharing Is Automatic

Network Hardware Handles Sharing

Many Devices Can Use Packet Switching

Relevance To The Internet

Summary

Chapter 19 Internet: A Network Of Networks

Introduction

Network Technologies Are Incompatible

Coping With Incompatibility

Two Fundamental Concepts

Using A Computer To Interconnect Networks

Interconnecting Computers Pass Packets

Interconnecting Computers Are Called Routers

Routers Are The Building Blocks of The Internet

Routers Acconunadate Multiple Types Of Networks

Routers Can Interconnect WAVs And LANs

Interconnecting Networks Was Revolutionary

Summary

Chapter 14 ISPs And Network Conneetions

Introduction

Internet Service Providers And Fees

Customer Connections Form The Last Mile

Lased Circuits Are Exprensive

Most Individuals Choose Dial-up Access

The Important Concept of Continuous Connectivity

Instantaneous Access Changes Use

Newer Technologies Offer Inexpensive Dedicated Access

Wireless Can Reach Everyone

A Personal Note

Chapter 15 IP: Software To Create A Virtual Network

Introduction

Protocol: An Agreement For Communication

Basic Functionality: The Internet Protocol

IP Software On Every Machine

Internet Packets Are Called Datagrams

The Illusion Of A Giant Network

The Reality Of lnternal Structure

Datagrams Travel In Packets

Every Computer Is Assigned A Unique Address

Internet Addresses

An Odd IP Address Syntax

IP Addresses Are Not Random

An Example Trip Through The Internet

Summary

Chapter 16 TCP: Software Fer Rellable Communicatien

Introduction

A Packet Switching System Can Be Overrun

TCP Helps IP Guarantee Delivery

TCP Provides A Connection Between Computer Programs

The Magic Of Recovering Last Datagrams

TCP Retransmission Is Automatic

TCP And IP Work Together

Summary

Chapter 17 Clients + Servere = Distributed Computing

Introduction

Large Computers Use Networks For Input And Output

Small Computers Use Networks To Interact

Distributed Computing On The Internet

A Single Paradigm Explains AIl Distributed Computing

Progrants Are Clients Or Servers

A Server Must Always Run

Summary

Chapter 18 Names For Computers

Introduction

People Prefer Names To Numbers

Naming A Computer Can Be Difficult Or Fun

Computer Names Must Be Unique

Suffixes On Compufer Names

Names With Many Parts

Domain Names Outside The US

Translating A Name To An Equivalent IP Address

Domain Name System Works Like Directory Assistance

Computer Name Lookup Is Automatic

IP Addresses And Domain Names Are Unrelated

Summary

Chapter 19 Why The Internet Worke Well

Introduction

The Internet Work Well

IP Provides Flexibility

TCP Provides Reliability

TCP/IP Software Was Engineered For Efficiency

TCP/IP Research Emphasized Practical Results

The Formula For Success

Summary

PART IV Services Available On The Internet

Chapter 20 Electronie Mail

Introduction

Description Of Functionality

The Best Of All Worlds

Each User Has A Mailbox For E-mail

Sending An E-mail Message

Notification That E-mail has Arrived

Reading An E-mail Message

E-mail Messages Look Like Interoffice Memos

E-mail Software Fills In Header Information

How E-mail Works

Using E-mail From A Personal Computer

Mailbox Address Format

Abbreviations Make E-mail Friendly

Aliases Permit Arbitrary Abbreviations

Aliases Shared By All Users Of A Computer System

Sending To Multiple Recipients

Mailing List: An Alias for Multiple Recipients

Public Mailing Lists And Mail Exploders

E-mail To And From Non-Internet Sites

Access To Services Via E-mail

Speed, Reliability, And Expectations

Impact And Significance OIP Electronic Mail

Joining A Mailing List

Chapter 21 Bulletin Board Serviee (Network News)

Introduction

Description of Functionalify

Many Bulletin Boards With Diverse Topics

Network News

Newsgroup Names

Obtaining Network News And The Software To Read Articles

How Network News Appears To A User

Checking For News Articles

Article Expiration