环境监测

Chapter

One

Introduction绪论

Section

The

Environment

and

Environmental

Monitoring环境和环境监测

1.1.1

The

Environment环境

1.1.2

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测

Section

Purposes

and

Types

of

EnvironmentalMonitoring环境监测的目的及类型

1.2.1

Purposes

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测的目的

1.2.2

TvDes

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测的类型

Section

Parameters

of

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测的参数

1.3.1

Chemical

Parameters化学参数

1.3.2

Biological

Parameters生物参数

1.3.3

Microbiological

Parameters微生物参数

1.3.4

Population种群

Section

Methods

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测的方法

1.4.1

Grab

Samples瞬时样品

1.4.2

Semicontinuous

Monitoring

and

Continuous

半连续和连续监测

1.4.3

Remote

Surveillance远程控制

1.4.4

Remote

Sensing遥感

1.4.5

Bio—Monitoring生物监测

1.4.6

Other

Methods其他采样监测

Section

current

and

Future

Status

of

EM环境监测的现状及未来

1.5.1

Current

Status

of

Environmental

Monitoring环境监测的现状

1.5.2

Future

Status

of

Environmental

Monitoring

环境监测的未来Chapter

Two

Water

and

Wastewater

Monitoring水和废水监测

Section

Designing

a

Monitoring

Program监测方案的制定

2.1.1

Purpose

of

Monitoring监测的目的

2.1.2

Objectives

of

Water

Quality

Monitoring监测的对象

2.1.3

Preliminary

Surveys初步调查

2.1.4

Description

ofthe

Monitoring

Area监测区域描述

2.1.5

Selecting

Sampling

Sites采样点的选择

2.1.6

Selecting

Sampling

Stmions采样点位的选择

2.1.7

Monitoring

Variables监测项目

2.1.8

Frequency

and

Timing

of

Sampling采样频率及时间

Section

Field

Work

And

Sampling现场工作及采样

2.2.1

Sample

Containers水样容器

2.2.2

Typ~s

of

Sample水样类型

2.2.3

Water

Samplers水采样器

2.2.4

Manual

Sampling

Procedures人工采样过程

2.2.5

Recording

Field

Observations现场记录

2.2.6

Sample

Preservation样品保存

2.2.7

Transportation

and

Storage

of

Samples样品的储存和运输

2.2.8

Safety

during

Field

Work现场安全

2.2.9

Quality

Assurance

in

the

Field现场质量控制

2.2.10

Field

Tests现场测定

Section

Physical

Index

Tests物理指标检测

2.3.1

Temperature温度

2.3.2

Color色度

2.3.3

Turbidity浊度

2.3.4

Transparency透明度

2.3.5

Total

Dissolved

Solids总溶解固体

2.3.6

Total

Suspended

Solids总悬浮物

2.3.7

Conductivity（or

Specific

Conductance）

电导率

Section

Metal

Compounds

Determination金属化合物的测定

2.4.1

Aluminium铝

2.4.2

Calcium钙

2.4.3

Iron铁

2.4.4

Cadmium，Chromium，Copper，Lead，Nickel，Tin，Zinc镉、铬、铜、铅、镍、锡、锌

Section

Non—metal

Inorganic

Compounds

Determination非金属无机物测定

2.5.1Acidity酸度

2.5.2

Alkalimity碱度

2.5.3

pH

2.5.4

Dissolved

Oxygen溶解氧

2.5.5

Fluoride氟

2.5.6

Nitrogen，Ammonia氨氮

2.5.7

Nitrogen，Kjeldahl凯氏氮

2.5.8

Nitrogen，Nitrate硝酸盐氮

2.5.9

Nitrogen，Nitrite亚硝酸盐氮

2.5.10

Phosphorus磷

Section

Organic

Pollutants

Determination有机污染物的测定

2.6.1

Biochemical

Oxygen

Demand生化需氧量

2.6.2

Chemical

Oxygen

Demand化学需氧量

2.6.3

Total

Organic

Carbon总有机碳

2.6.4

Oil

and

Grease油与脂

Section

Sediment

Measurement沉积物监测

2.7.1

The

Aims

of

Sediment

Measurement沉积物监测的目的

2.7.2

Types

of

Sediment

Transpoa沉积物迁移的类型

2.7.3

Sediment

Measurement沉积物测定

2.7.4

Sampling

for

Sediment沉积物采样

2.7.5

Measuring

Suspended

Sediment悬浮沉积物的测量Chapter

Three

Air

Quality

Monitoring空气质量监测

Section

Basic

Knowledge

About

Air

Pollution空气污染基本知识

3.1.1

Structure

and

Composition

of

the

Atmosphere大气结构及组成

3.1.2

Air

Pollution

and

Air

Pollutants空气污染和空气污染物

3.1.3

Sources

and

Health

Effects

of

Air

Pollution空气污染来源及危害

3.1.4

Air

Quality

Index空气质量指数

Section

Air

Monitoring

Design空气监测方案的制定

3.2.1

Initial

Surveys初始调查

3.2.2

Sampling

Plan

Design采样方案制定

3.2.3

Sampling

Objectives采样目标

3.2.4

Types

of

Monitoring监测类型

3.2.5

Location

and

Number

of

Individual

SamplingPoints采样位置和采样点数

3.2.6

Time，Duration

and

Frequency

of

SamplingEvents采样时间、持续时间、频率

3.2.7

Meteorological

and

Physical／ChemicalConsiderations应考虑的气象及物理／化学因素

3.2.8

Calculations计算

Section

Air

Monitoring

Methods空气监测方法

3.3.1

Manual

Methods人工方法

3.3.2

Instrumental

Monitoring

Methods仪器监测方法

3.3.3

Monitoring

Methods

Used

for

Specific

Pollutants特殊污染物监测方法Chapter

Four

Soil

Quality

Monitoring土壤质量监测

Section

Basic

Knowledge

On

Soil土壤的基本知识

4.1.1

Soil

Formation

and

Structure土壤构成及结构

4.1.2

Soil

Characteristics土壤性质

4.1.3

Soil

Pollution土壤污染

Section

Soil

Quality

Monitoring

Plan土壤质量监测方案

4.2.1

Purpose

of

Soil

Sampling土壤采样的目的

4.2.2

Soil

Sampling

in

Agriculture农业土壤采样

4.2.3

Vadose

Zone

Sampling

for

PollutionCharacterization包气带污染特性采样

4.2.4

Sample

Collection样品采集

4.2.5

Sample

Prepare样品准备

Section

Soil

Analyses土壤分析

4.3.1

pH

4.3.2

Electrical

Conductivity（EC）

电导率

4.3.3

Nitrogen（N）

氮

4.3.4

Phosphorus（P）磷

4.3.5

Cation

Exchange

Capacity（CEC）

阳离子交换容量

4.3.6

Free

Lime游离碳酸盐

4.3.7

Sulfur（S）硫

4.3.8

Copper（Cu），Iron（Fe），Manganese（Mn），and

Zinc（Zn）铜、铁、锰、锌

4.3.9

Boron（B）硼

4.3.10

Molybdenum（Mo）

钼

4.3.11

Organic

Matter（OM）有机物质

4.3.12

Potassium（K），Calcium（Ca），Magnesium（Mg），andSodium（Na）钾、钙、镁、钠

4.3.13

Exchangeable

Sodium

Percentage（ESP）and

Sodium

AdsorptionRatio（SAR）可交换钠百分数及钠吸附率Chapter

Five

Sofid

Waste

Monitoring固体废物监测

Section

Basic

Knowledge

On

Solid

Waste固体废物的基本知识

5.1.1

Definition

and

Types

of

Solid

Waste固体废物的定义和分类

5.1.2

Hazardous

Wastes

and

their

Characteristics危险废物及其特性

Section

Solid

Waste

Sampling

Considerations

固体废物采样中注意事项

5.2.1

Health

and

Safety健康安全

5.2.2

Interferences干扰因素

5.2.3

Equipment

and

Supplies设备及装备

5.2.4

Sample

Collection样品采集

5.2.5

Handling，Preservation，and

Storage样品处理、保存及储存

Section

Methods

For

Hazardous

Characteristic

Detection危害性监测方法

5.3.1

Methods

for

Determining

the

Characterisitics

ofIgnitabilitv易燃性检测方法

5.3.2

Methods

for

Determining

the

Characterisitics

0fCorrosivitv腐蚀性检测方法

5.3.3

Methods

for

Determining

the

Charaeterisitics

ofReactivitv反应性检测方法

5.3.4

Methods

for

Determining

the

Characterisitics

ofToxicity毒性检测方法Chapter

Six

Noise

Monitoring噪声监测

Section

Basic

Knowledge

On

Noise

Pollution噪声污染基本知识

6.1.1

Sound，Noise，and

Noise

Pollution声音，噪声及噪声污染

6.1.2

Basic

Knowledge

of

Acoustical

Measurements声学测量的基本知识

Section

Noise

Monitoring噪声监测

6.2.1

Monitoring

Objectives监测目的

6.2.2

Monitoring

Instrumentation监测仪器

6.2.3

Monitoring

I~cations监测地点

6.2.4

Sampling采样

6.2.5

Calibration

and

Quality

Assurance校准及质量保证Chapter

Seven

Environmental

Radiation

Monitoring环境放射性监测

Section

Radiation

And

Radiation

Pollution放射及放射污染

7.1.1

Radiation放射

7.1.2

Radiation

Pollution放射污染

Section

Radiation

Samples

Collection放射性监测仪器

7.2.1

Area

Survey

Meters区域放射性测量仪

7.2.2

Individual

Monitoring

Detectors个人放射性测量仪

Section

Radiation

Samples

Collection放射性样品采集

7.3.1

Air

Particulate

Sampling大气颗粒物采样

7.3.2

Precipitation

Sampling降雨采样

7.3.3

Water

Sampling水体采样Chapter

Eight

Modern

Environmental

Monitoring

Technologies现代环境监测技术

Section

Automated

Data

Acquisition

and

Processing数据自动采集与处理

8.1.1

Measurement

Concepts测量概念

8.1.2

Automated

Measurement

自动测量

8.1.3

Sensors

and

Transducers传感器与转换器

8.1.4

The

Data

Acquisition

System数据采集系统

8.1.5

Types

of

Data

Acquisition

Systems数据采集系统类型

8.1.6

Data

Management

and

Quality

Control数据管理及质量控制

Section

Remote

Sensing

for

Environmental

Monitoring环境遥感监测

8.2.1

Physical

Principles

of

Remote

Sensing遥感物理原理

8.2.2

Optical

Properties

of

Earth

Surface

Materials地表物质的光学性能参考文献