保加利亚概况

　　陈发家，北京第二外国语学院英语学院讲师，2008年毕业于北京第二外国语学院商务英语专业，获硕士学位。2016年赴美国北亚利桑那大学访学，重点关注第二课堂活动设计及其对学生英语学习的促进作用。研究方向为商业道德和诚信建设、商务英语阅读与翻译。曾参编英语听说写教程、经贸阅读等英语教材、参与翻译《变局与突破：解读中国经济转型》。

Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north， Serbia and Macedonia to the west， Greece and Turkey to the south， and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110，994 square kilometers and a population of 7 million in 2019， Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country. Organized prehistoric cultures began developing on current Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period. Its ancient history saw the presence of the Thracians， Greeks and Romans. The emergence of a unified Bulgarian state dates back to the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681， which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavs during the Middle Ages. With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396， its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 led to the formation of the Third Bulgarian State. The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbors， which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germ...